Atolls are faithful recorders helping us understand eustatic variations, the evolution of carbonate production through time, and changes in magmatic hotspots activity. Several early Cretaceous Mid-Pacific atolls were previously investigated through ocean drilling, but due to the low quality of vintage seismic data available, few spatial constraints exist on their stratigraphic evolution and large-scale diagenesis. Here, we present results from an integrated core-log-seismic study at Resolution Guyot and comparison with modern and ancient analogues. We identify six seismic-stratigraphic units: (1) platform initiation with aggradation and backstepping through the Hauterivian which ended by platform emersion; (2) reflooding of the platform with progradation and aggradation through the Barremian till the early-Aptian when ocean anoxic event 1a resulted in incipient drowning; (3) platform backstepping till the mid-Aptian when the platform shifted to progradation and aggradation till the mid-Albian; (4) platform emersion; (5) reflooding with backstepping ending at the latest-Albian by platform emersion; and (6) final drowning. The stratigraphic surfaces bounding these units are coeval with some of the Cretaceous eustatic events, which suggest an eustatic control on the evolution of this atoll and confirm that several previously reported sea-level variations in the early Cretaceous are driven by eustasy. Changes in subsidence and carbonate production rates and suspected later magmatism have also impacted the stratigraphic evolution. The suspected later magmatism could lead to environmental perturbations and potentially platform demise. Contrary to previous studies, we identify two emersion events during the mid- and late-Albian which resulted in intensive meteoric dissolution and karstification. The platform margin syndepositional fractures interacted with the subaerial exposure events by focusing the dissolution which formed vertically stacked flank-margin fracture-cave system. The study gives a unique insight into the interplay between eustasy, subsidence, and volcanic activity(ies) on long-term evolution of early Cretaceous shallow-marine carbonates. It also documents the impact and distribution of hypogenic and epigenic fluid-flow in atolls serving as an analogue for isolated carbonate platforms.

中文翻译：

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白垩纪中太平洋环礁（Resolution Guyot）的地层演化和岩溶作用从核心-测井-地震整合以及与现代和古代类似物的比较中解决

环礁是忠实的记录器，可帮助我们了解海洋的变化、碳酸盐产量随时间的演变以及岩浆热点活动的变化。之前通过海洋钻探研究了几个早白垩世中太平洋环礁，但由于可用的老式地震数据质量低，其地层演化和大规模成岩作用几乎没有空间限制。在这里，我们展示了 Resolution Guyot 综合岩心测井地震研究的结果，并与现代和古代类似物进行了比较。我们确定了六个地震地层单元：（1）平台起始与加积和通过 Hauterivian 的后退，以平台突出结束；(2) 台地再次泛滥，通过巴雷姆阶进积加积至阿普阶早期，此时海洋缺氧事件 1a 导致初期溺水；(3) 地台退步至阿普提亚中期，平台转向进积加积至阿尔比中期；(4) 平台浮现；（5）通过平台再现，最晚以Albian结束反推重驱；(6) 最后溺水。包围这些单元的地层表面与一些白垩纪海平面事件同时发生，这表明海平面控制了该环礁的演化，并证实了先前报道的白垩纪早期海平面变化是由海平面驱动的。沉降和碳酸盐产量的变化以及疑似晚期岩浆活动也影响了地层演化。怀疑的后期岩浆作用可能导致环境扰动和潜在的平台消亡。与以前的研究相反，我们在阿尔比中期和晚期发现了两次隆起事件，导致强烈的大气溶解和岩溶作用。台缘同沉积裂缝通过集中溶蚀作用与地面暴露事件相互作用，形成垂直叠置的侧缘缝洞体系。该研究对海啸、沉降和火山活动之间的相互作用对早白垩世浅海碳酸盐岩的长期演化提供了独特的见解。它还记录了环礁中次生和表生流体流动的影响和分布，作为孤立碳酸盐平台的类似物。