Concerns surrounding juvenile delinquency point to neoliberal notions of youth responsibilization with no regard to the violence of structural oppressions and daily hardships, in which deviance could be a form of response. This article discusses the influence of and response to structural violence and oppression that resulted in daily hardships for youth, and for some youth, deviant behaviors that pushed them toward the criminal justice system. Drawing on in-depth interviews with 64 participants and 532 pieces of youth writings in Hawaiʻi, this study examines how experiences with structural violence and oppression pushed youth in Hawaiʻi toward institutional control. Findings indicate the role racialized and gendered structures developed through colonialism had in the lives of youth in Hawaiʻi and their difficult experiences with family instability and patriarchal control that result in youth engaging in deviant coping mechanisms. Youth exhibited resilience in the face of hardship and methods of control that speak to the lack of choices youth have in places with histories of colonialism.

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推动机构控制：夏威夷的结构性暴力和青年

围绕青少年犯罪的担忧指向新自由主义关于青年责任的概念，不考虑结构性压迫和日常困难的暴力，其中越轨行为可能是一种回应形式。本文讨论了结构性暴力和压迫的影响和应对措施，这些结构性暴力和压迫导致青年以及一些青年的日常困难，以及将他们推向刑事司法系统的越轨行为。通过对夏威夷 64 名参与者和 532 篇青年著作的深入访谈，本研究考察了结构性暴力和压迫的经历如何推动夏威夷青年走向制度控制。调查结果表明，通过殖民主义发展起来的种族化和性别结构在夏威夷青年的生活中所起的作用，以及他们在家庭不稳定和父权制控制方面的艰难经历，这些经历导致青年参与了越轨的应对机制。面对困难和控制方法，青年表现出韧性，这说明青年在有殖民主义历史的地方缺乏选择。