Psychodynamic psychotherapy has an important role in suicide prevention. The psychoanalytic study of suicide has taught us a great deal about the human experience and the process of suicidality. There is also much to be learned from other fields of study and from empirical research that can be integrated into psychoanalytic therapies. Central to the psychoanalytic approach to suicide has been understanding the patient’s internal subjective experience of unbearable emotional or psychic pain and the urgent need for relief. Emotional pain can include intense affects such as shame, humiliation, self-hate, and rage. Factors that can increase vulnerability to suicidal states include problems with early attunement, dissociation and deficits in bodily love and protection, conscious and unconscious fantasy, and certain character traits and dynamics. Empirical research has confirmed many basic psychoanalytic concepts about suicide, including escape from unbearable pain as the primary driver of suicidal behavior, the role of dissociation in increasing risk of bodily attack, and the importance of unconscious processes. Further research into implicit processes and their role in the suicidal process holds potential to improve suicide risk assessment and to enhance psychotherapy by bringing otherwise inaccessible material into the treatment.

心理动力学心理治疗在预防自杀方面具有重要作用。自杀的精神分析研究教会了我们很多关于人类经历和自杀过程的知识。从其他研究领域和可以整合到精神分析疗法中的实证研究中也有很多值得学习的地方。对自杀的精神分析方法的核心是了解患者对无法忍受的情绪或精神痛苦的内在主观体验以及对缓解的迫切需要。情绪痛苦可能包括强烈的影响，例如羞耻、屈辱、自恨和愤怒。可能增加对自杀状态的脆弱性的因素包括早期协调问题、身体爱和保护方面的分离和缺陷、有意识和无意识的幻想，以及某些性格特征和动力。实证研究证实了许多关于自杀的基本精神分析概念，包括逃避无法忍受的痛苦作为自杀行为的主要驱动力、分离在增加身体攻击风险中的作用以及无意识过程的重要性。对内隐过程及其在自杀过程中的作用的进一步研究具有改善自杀风险评估和通过将原本无法获得的材料引入治疗来增强心理治疗的潜力。