The question whether Europe's Christian churches and monasteries are “religious” or “secular” distracts us from something far more significant: Europe's historical participation in systems of enslavement and expropriation. While these solid buildings seem to demand that we pay attention to them in their “density,” such a focus overlooks their role in reaffirming the boundaries and morality of the dominant group, which, in France, is formed through a convergence of Whiteness and Catholicism. Following a model laid out by Michel-Rolph Trouillot, I analyze how Paris's Roman Catholic churches participate in the workings of history as sources, archives, narratives, and history. At each stage in their production, these churches have helped silence violent aspects of French history, including slavery and colonialism, while affirming the superiority of White Christian man. [heritage, density, workings of history, silences, Catholicism, Catholic materiality, Paris, France, Europe]

中文翻译：

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密度和统治

欧洲的基督教教堂和修道院是“宗教的”还是“世俗的”这个问题让我们从更重要的事情上分心：欧洲在历史上参与奴役和征用制度。虽然这些坚固的建筑似乎要求我们关注它们的“密度”，但这种关注忽略了它们在重申主导群体的界限和道德方面的作用，在法国，主导群体是通过白人和天主教的融合而形成的. 按照米歇尔-罗尔夫·特鲁伊洛提出的模型，我分析了巴黎的罗马天主教堂如何作为资料来源、档案、叙述和历史参与历史的运作。在其制作的每个阶段，这些教堂都帮助平息了法国历史的暴力方面，包括奴隶制和殖民主义，同时肯定白人基督徒的优越性。[遗产、密度、历史运作、沉默、天主教、天主教物质性、巴黎、法国、欧洲]