Background

Rasch analysis is widely used in the life sciences. Rasch analysis is a mathematical and probabilistic model based on the assumption that the probability of passing a single item is governed by a person's ability and the difficulty of the item. However, its use in nursing science remains unclear.

Aim

To (i) describe the use of Rasch analysis in nursing research and (ii) determine the quality of reporting in nursing studies using Rasch models.

Methods

A methodological scoping review of literature was conducted. The systematic electronic literature search was initially conducted on 1 February 2020 and updated on 16 April 2021 from PubMed/Medline and CINAHL databases. The search was limited to covering the timeframe from the earliest literature available until 31 December 2020. The search terms used were Rasch, IRT, item response theory, and nursing. The search was limited to the English language and title/abstract level. The analysis included quantification and content analysis.

Results

In total, 388 hits were identified. Following a two-phase retrieval process, 88 articles were included in the final analysis. Rasch analysis was used to test the psychometric properties of the newly developed instrument, and validate or test a short version of the existing instrument. The reporting of Rasch analysis demonstrated large variability in quality. Rating scale functioning, internal scale validity using goodness-of-fit statistics, and unidimensionality were the most frequently reported outcomes.

Conclusion

The use of Rasch analysis in nursing science was found to be unsystematic. Rasch analysis could provide new possibilities for investigating measurement properties. However, robust, comprehensive, and precise reporting of the methodological choices and results of Rasch analysis is needed. Furthermore, the use of Rasch analysis in nursing science is encouraged.

What is already known

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Rasch analysis is a mathematical and probabilistic model based on the assumption that the probability of passing a single item is related to a person's ability and the difficulty of the item.

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Rasch analysis is widely used in the life sciences. However, its use and quality of reporting in nursing science have yet to be explored.

What this paper adds

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Rasch analysis is rarely used in nursing science, although its use is increasing.

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This review has identified deficiencies in the reporting of nursing validation studies using Rasch analysis.

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Minimum standards for the reporting of Rasch analysis in nursing research are proposed.

中文翻译：

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Rasch 分析在护理研究中的使用和报告质量：方法学范围审查

背景

Rasch 分析广泛用于生命科学领域。Rasch分析是一种数学和概率模型，它基于一个假设，即通过单个项目的概率取决于一个人的能力和项目的难度。然而，它在护理科学中的用途仍不清楚。

目标

(i) 描述在护理研究中使用 Rasch 分析和 (ii) 使用 Rasch 模型确定护理研究中报告的质量。

方法

对文献进行了方法学范围审查。系统的电子文献检索最初于 2020 年 2 月 1 日进行，并于 2021 年 4 月 16 日从 PubMed/Medline 和 CINAHL 数据库中更新。搜索仅限于涵盖从最早的文献到 2020 年 12 月 31 日的时间范围。使用的搜索词是 Rasch、IRT、项目反应理论和护理。搜索仅限于英语和标题/摘要级别。分析包括量化和内容分析。

结果

总共确定了 388 个命中。经过两阶段的检索过程，最终分析中纳入了 88 篇文章。Rasch 分析用于测试新开发仪器的心理测量特性，并验证或测试现有仪器的简短版本。Rasch 分析报告显示质量差异很大。评分量表功能、使用拟合优度统计的内部量表有效性和单维性是最常报告的结果。

结论

发现在护理科学中使用 Rasch 分析是不系统的。Rasch 分析可以为研究测量特性提供新的可能性。然而，需要对 Rasch 分析的方法选择和结果进行稳健、全面和准确的报告。此外，鼓励在护理科学中使用 Rasch 分析。

已知的

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Rasch分析是一种数学和概率模型，它假设通过单个项目的概率与一个人的能力和项目的难度有关。

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Rasch 分析广泛用于生命科学领域。然而，它在护理科学中的使用和报告质量还有待探索。

本文补充了什么

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Rasch 分析在护理科学中很少使用，尽管它的使用正在增加。

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这篇综述确定了使用 Rasch 分析报告护理验证研究的缺陷。

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提出了护理研究中 Rasch 分析报告的最低标准。