Ride-hailing electrification is made challenging by a variety of factors, including limited driver access to overnight charging and a nascent network of public direct-current fast charging (DCFC). This article projects the DCFC infrastructure needed to electrify ride-hailing across 384 cities in the United States. Research leveraging a novel infrastructure projection tool, Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Tool for On-Demand Mobility Services model (EVI-OnDemand), estimates that 25 400 DCFC ports capable of charging vehicles at a mean power of 150 kW are required to electrify 1.45 million ride-hailing vehicles in the baseline scenario. Results show that ride-hailing vehicles require 17.5 DCFC ports per 1000 vehicles, three times that of personal electric vehicles (EVs). Infrastructure demand is also shown to vary across cities; 63% more DCFC ports are needed to support 1000 battery EVs in Chicago versus Miami. The analysis also includes sensitivity studies that explore variation in charging demand across input assumptions, finding that charging power, vehicle class, overnight charging access rates, and port utilization influence the network size needed. Projections vary from 18 600 to 41 300 DCFC ports across sensitivity scenarios, indicating that ride-hailing electrification will require significant expansion of access to fast charging even in the most optimistic scenarios, and investments into supporting assets can reduce the scale of the public charging expansion needed.

中文翻译：

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估算美国各地网约车车队全面电气化的快速充电基础设施需求


网约车电气化面临多种因素的挑战，包括驾驶员夜间充电的机会有限以及新兴的公共直流快速充电 (DCFC) 网络。本文预测了美国 384 个城市的网约车电气化所需的 DCFC 基础设施。利用新型基础设施预测工具——用于按需移动服务模型的电动汽车基础设施工具（EVI-OnDemand）进行的研究估计，需要 25,400 个能够以 150 kW 的平均功率为车辆充电的 DCFC 端口才能为 145 万辆乘车车辆提供电力。在基线场景中招呼车辆。结果显示，网约车每 1000 辆汽车需要 17.5 个 DCFC 端口，是个人电动汽车 (EV) 的三倍。基础设施需求也因城市而异；与迈阿密相比，芝加哥需要多 63% 的 DCFC 端口来支持 1000 辆电池电动汽车。该分析还包括敏感性研究，探索不同输入假设下充电需求的变化，发现充电功率、车辆类别、夜间充电接入率和端口利用率会影响所需的网络规模。不同敏感情景下的预测从 18 600 个到 41 300 个 DCFC 端口不等，表明即使在最乐观的情景下，网约车电气化也需要大幅扩展快速充电接入，而对支持资产的投资可以减少公共充电扩展的规模需要。