Autonomous vehicles (AVs) transform traditional commuting by decreasing congestion, improving road safety, and naturally integrate better with electric controls for flexible implementation of autonomous driving technologies. Indeed, electric-powered AVs or autonomous electric vehicles (AEVs) are benefiting each other in many aspects. While autonomy brings great efficiency in driving as well as battery use, electric vehicles (EVs) require less maintenance and drastically cut fuel costs. With AVs, a pivotal concern is within the realm of long-range autonomous valet parking (LAVP), such as diverse customer demands on parking (or drop-off/pick-up) for various journey planning. On the other hand, electric-powered AVs are typically with limited cruising range, and locating convenient charging services are also among the major impediments. As of yet, recent studies have started to investigate EV charging and LAVP in isolation as they rarely consider a joint optimization on user trip and energy refueling. Rather, we target in this work the integration of vehicle charging with autonomy in the sense of a systemic approach. Specifically, we propose an integrated AEV charging and LAVP management scheme, to resolve critical decision-making on convenient charging and parking management upon customer requirements during their journeys. The proposed scheme jointly considers charging reservations as well as parking duration at car parks (CPs), aiming to enable accurate predictions on future charging (and parking) states at CPs. Results show the advantage of our proposal over benchmarks, in terms of enhanced customer experiences in traveling period, as well as charging performances at both AEV and CP sides. Particularly, effective load balancing can be achieved across the network regarding the amount of charged as well as parked vehicles.

中文翻译：

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自动电动汽车充电和自动代客泊车（AVP）管理系统的集成框架


自动驾驶汽车（AV）通过减少拥堵、提高道路安全来改变传统通勤，并自然地与电气控制更好地集成，以灵活地实施自动驾驶技术。事实上，电动自动驾驶汽车或自动驾驶电动汽车 (AEV) 在许多方面都使彼此受益。虽然自动驾驶可以提高驾驶和电池使用效率，但电动汽车 (EV) 需要的维护更少，并且可以大幅降低燃料成本。对于自动驾驶汽车来说，一个关键问题是远程自动代客泊车 (LAVP) 领域，例如客户对各种行程计划的停车（或下车/上车）的不同需求。另一方面，电动自动驾驶汽车的续航里程通常有限，而寻找便利的充电服务也是主要障碍之一。到目前为止，最近的研究已经开始单独研究电动汽车充电和 LAVP，因为它们很少考虑用户出行和能源补充的联合优化。相反，我们在这项工作中的目标是从系统方法的意义上将车辆充电与自动驾驶相结合。具体来说，我们提出了AEV充电和LAVP一体化管理方案，根据客户在旅途中的需求，解决便捷充电和停车管理的关键决策。所提出的方案联合考虑了停车场（CP）的充电预约和停车持续时间，旨在准确预测CP未来的充电（和停车）状态。结果表明，我们的方案在增强旅行期间的客户体验以及 AEV 和 CP 端的充电性能方面优于基准。 特别是，可以在整个网络中实现关于充电量和停放车辆的有效负载平衡。