OBJECTIVE The aim of this naturalistic process study was to investigate the relationship between emotional clarity and tolerance of emotional distress and depressive symptoms over the course of short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy for chronically depressed patients. METHOD Weekly self-reports of emotional clarity, tolerance of emotional distress, and depressive symptoms (PHQ-9) were provided by 252 patients with chronic depression who were admitted to a 13-week inpatient treatment program. Latent curve modeling with structured residuals (LCM-SR) was applied to investigate the between- and within-person effects of week-to-week change in emotional clarity and tolerance of emotional distress as predictors of subsequent depression. The relationship between emotional clarity and tolerance of emotional distress was also investigated. RESULTS At the within-person level, higher level of emotional clarity and tolerance of emotional distress predicted subsequent lower level of depression. A reciprocal relationship was found for tolerance of emotional distress (lower level of depression predicted subsequent level of tolerance emotional distress) but not for emotional clarity. No within-person effect between emotional clarity and tolerance of emotional distress was found. DISCUSSION The results indicate that emotional clarity and tolerance of emotional distress may be mechanisms of change in short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy for chronic depression. The results are consistent with previous findings of the importance of emotional clarity and tolerance of emotional distress in psychotherapy. This study demonstrated the utility of LCM-SR as a method to identity mechanisms of change in psychotherapy. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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情绪清晰和对情绪困扰的容忍度作为慢性抑郁症短期心理动力学心理治疗变化的机制。

目的 这项自然过程研究的目的是调查在慢性抑郁患者的短期心理动力学心理治疗过程中，情绪清晰度与对情绪困扰和抑郁症状的耐受性之间的关系。方法 接受为期 13 周的住院治疗计划的 252 名慢性抑郁症患者每周提供关于情绪清晰度、情绪困扰耐受性和抑郁症状 (PHQ-9) 的自我报告。使用结构化残差 (LCM-SR) 的潜在曲线模型来研究情绪清晰度和情绪痛苦耐受力的每周变化对作为随后抑郁症的预测因子的人与人之间和人内的影响。还研究了情绪清晰度与情绪痛苦容忍度之间的关系。结果 在个人层面，较高的情绪清晰度和对情绪困扰的容忍度预示着随后较低的抑郁水平。发现对情绪困扰的耐受性存在相互关系（较低的抑郁水平预示着随后的耐受性情绪困扰水平），但对于情绪清晰度则没有。没有发现情绪清晰和对情绪困扰的容忍度之间的人内效应。讨论 结果表明，情绪清晰和对情绪困扰的容忍度可能是慢性抑郁症短期心理动力学心理治疗发生变化的机制。结果与先前关于心理治疗中情绪清晰和情绪困扰容忍度重要性的发现一致。这项研究证明了 LCM-SR 作为一种识别心理治疗变化机制的方法的效用。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2022 APA，保留所有权利）。