Production of octopus fisheries is highly variable typically due to their sensitivity to environmental conditions. Using data from four scientific research cruises conducted in 2016 and 2017, we studied the influence of the environment on the relative abundance and distribution of two co-occurring octopus species, Octopus americanus (merobenthic) and O. maya (holobenthic), at the eastern part of the continental shelf of the Campeche Bank, a tropical upwelling area. By means of fitting hierarchical Bayesian spatio-temporal models, we found that the relative abundance of both species decreased with depth and when salinity and temperature were higher. The residual spatial distribution showed that variability in space for both species differed between seasons. In summer, when upwelling conditions dominate, O. americanus was abundant at the eastern part of the continental shelf, while O. maya dominated in the north-east and the coastal zone of Yucatan. In winter, when mixing conditions characterize the water column, O. americanus was abundant in coastal waters of Quintana Roo towards the north-west, whereas O. maya occurred mostly to the north-east. Additionally, the body weight of O. americanus decreased with depth, rocky bottoms and winter, while O. maya was smaller in shallower waters, sandy bottoms and summer. Overall, both species showed greater affinity for less saline and cooler waters, indicative of upwelling conditions. The spatial distribution differed between species and between sizes. We suggest that the ontogenetic differences would be associated with their distinct dispersal capacity during their early stages that would be under the influence of the Loop Current.

中文翻译：

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热带上升流区（墨西哥湾东南部）两种共生章鱼美洲章鱼和玛雅章鱼的相对丰度分布和体型变化

由于章鱼对环境条件的敏感性，章鱼渔业的产量变化很大。利用 2016 年和 2017 年进行的四次科考航行的数据，我们研究了环境对两种同时出现的章鱼物种（美洲章鱼（merobenthic）和玛雅章鱼）的相对丰度和分布的影响（holobenthic），位于坎佩切河岸大陆架东部，热带上升流区。通过拟合分层贝叶斯时空模型，我们发现两种物种的相对丰度都随着深度以及盐度和温度较高而降低。剩余空间分布表明，这两种物种的空间变异性在季节之间存在差异。夏季，当上升流条件占主导地位时，大陆架东部地区盛产美洲O.，而尤卡坦东北部和沿海地区则以O. maya为主。在冬季，当混合条件成为水柱的特征时，在金塔纳罗奥州西北部的沿海水域中，美洲美洲原虫丰富，而O. maya主要发生在东北部。此外，美洲原虫的体重随着深度、岩石底部和冬季的增加而减少，而在浅水区、沙质底部和夏季，O. maya的体重更小。总体而言，这两个物种对较少的盐水和较冷的水域表现出更大的亲和力，这表明上升流条件。物种之间和大小之间的空间分布不同。我们认为个体发育差异将与它们在受环流影响的早期阶段的独特分散能力有关。