Several studies on soil physical quality have related soil structural properties to bulk density, proposing values for critical limits in relation to the soil compaction status. However, these values are not applicable to Andosols due to their very low bulk density (< 0.9 Mg m⁻³). This work aimed to evaluate the short-term effects of soil compaction on the soil physical quality of an Andosol. The experiment was established in May 2019. Soil cores were collected from the soil surface and field measurements (penetration resistance, volumetric water content and air conductivity) were conducted to monitor changes in the soil physical quality after compaction events. The soil was compacted using rollers (weighing between 1.20 and 1.37 Mg) to reach three bulk densities (T0: 0.65, T1: 0.75 and T2: 0.85 Mg m⁻³) by controlling the number of roller passes. Soil compaction induced an increase in the soil bulk density that resulted in an increase in the mechanical strength (e.g. maps of penetration resistance revealed values from (T0) 500 kPa to (T2) 1500 kPa) and caused a decrease in the volume of macropores (e.g. air capacity in T0 and T2 was 22% and 11%, respectively) responsible for water infiltration and flow. The latter provoked an increase in the volumetric water content in the upper 10 cm of the soil, which decreased the field air conductivity due to the reduced pore space and its continuity. Bulk density also increased due to wetting and drying cycles, showing the effect of the natural rearrangement of soil particles, which was more intense in the soil with the lowest bulk density. When the bulk density of the tilled soil increased to values over 0.80 Mg m⁻³, soil pore functions related to soil aeration reached critical values (air capacity < 10% and air permeability < 1 µm²) concerning soil compaction, while the soil precompression stress (around 60 kPa) and plant available water (> 20%) remained within an optimal range.

一些关于土壤物理质量的研究将土壤结构特性与容重联系起来，提出了与土壤压实状态相关的临界限值。然而，这些值不适用于 Andosol，因为它们的体积密度非常低（< 0.9 Mg m ^-3）。这项工作旨在评估土壤压实对 Andosol 土壤物理质量的短期影响。该实验于 2019 年 5 月建立。从土壤表面收集土壤芯，并进行现场测量（渗透阻力、体积含水量和空气传导率），以监测压实事件后土壤物理质量的变化。使用滚筒（重量在 1.20 和 1.37 Mg 之间）压实土壤以达到三种堆积密度（T0：0.65，T1：0.75 和 T2：0.85 Mg m^-3) 通过控制辊道次数。土壤压实导致土壤容重增加，从而导致机械强度增加（例如，渗透阻力图显示值从 (T0) 500 kPa 到 (T2) 1500 kPa）并导致大孔体积减少（例如，T0 和 T2 的空气容量分别为 22% 和 11%）负责水的渗透和流动。后者导致土壤上部 10 cm 的体积含水量增加，由于孔隙空间减少及其连续性，这降低了田间空气传导率。由于润湿和干燥循环，容重也增加，显示出土壤颗粒自然重排的影响，在容重最低的土壤中更为强烈。^-3，与土壤通气相关的土壤孔隙功能达到了与土壤压实有关的临界值（空气容量< 10% 和透气性< 1 µm ²），而土壤预压应力（约60 kPa）和植物有效水分（> 20%）保持在最佳范围内。