Since the beginning of Iron Age archaeology, urban agglomerations have dominated the debate on urbanism. The rural settlements – their types, functions and socio-political dynamics – have been practically absent from the general discussion. The territorial backdrop of the Late Iron Age communities can provide both a new comparative framework in which to approach urban studies and essential keys to understanding how these societies worked. Developed from recent research into the oppida territories of the Eastern Meseta in central Spain, this paper presents a territorial overview that includes a characterization of the rural settlement, population figures and the role of urban centres as a proxy for territorial identities. This work also explores the network of relationships between oppida and between urban-rural areas. In conclusion, this article argues that examining the rural-urban settlement as a whole will lead us to a better understanding of the urban dynamics of the first millennium BC.

中文翻译：

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OPPIDA 领土内部：伊比利亚东部梅塞塔（西班牙中部）的晚期铁器时代

自铁器时代考古学开始以来，城市群一直主导着关于城市主义的辩论。农村住区——它们的类型、功能和社会政治动态——几乎没有出现在一般性讨论中。铁器时代晚期社区的地域背景既可以提供一个新的比较框架来进行城市研究，也可以提供理解这些社会如何运作的关键关键。根据最近对西班牙中部梅塞塔东部奥皮达领土的研究，本文提出了领土概况，其中包括农村定居点的特征、人口数据以及城市中心作为领土认同代理的作用。这项工作还探索了oppida之间的关系网络以及城乡之间。总之，本文认为，将城乡聚落作为一个整体进行考察，将使我们更好地了解公元前一千年的城市动态。