In this study, global reanalysis dataset fields of meteorological parameters (temperature and geopotential height at different atmospheric levels) in the period 1948–2020, were used to characterize the main dynamic and thermodynamic features of African dust outbreaks (ADO) produced over regions of the Iberian Peninsula and the Balearic Islands. The record of ADO previously identified with a tried-and-true procedure in 8 different areas of this domain in the period 2001–2020 and the data sets of dust load contributions estimated for all ADO days in each region, were used to check our results. Thus, we demonstrated that air masses of African origin produced a significant increase in the levels of certain thermodynamic variables (geopotential thickness in the 1000–500 hPa layer (GT), mean potential temperature between 925 and 700 hPa (TPOT), and temperature anomalies at 850 hPa (TANOM)) over the regions of study, especially when particular synoptic-scale atmospheric circulation types (CT) occurred. Moreover, higher levels of the three thermodynamic parameters resulted in events with higher contributions of dust load to the regional background levels of PM₁₀ in all regions. Finally, we obtained a statistically significant upward trend for days under ADO CT and their associated daily mean values of GT, TPOT and TANOM from 1948 to 2020. These results point to an increase in the frequency of air mass transport from North Africa to the western Mediterranean basin and on the intensity of the ADO produced as a consequence of this transport, over 1948–2020.

在这项研究中，1948-2020 年期间气象参数（不同大气层的温度和位势高度）的全球再分析数据集字段被用来表征非洲沙尘暴（ADO）的主要动态和热力学特征。伊比利亚半岛和巴利阿里群岛。之前在 2001-2020 年期间在该领域的 8 个不同区域通过久经考验的程序确定的 ADO 记录以及每个区域所有 ADO 天估计的粉尘负荷贡献数据集，用于检查我们的结果. 因此，我们证明了源自非洲的气团显着增加了某些热力学变量的水平（1000-500 hPa 层 (GT) 中的位势厚度，925-700 hPa (TPOT) 之间的平均位势温度，研究区域的 850 hPa (TANOM) 温度异常，特别是当特定天气尺度大气环流类型 (CT) 发生时。此外，三个热力学参数的较高水平导致沙尘负荷对 PM 区域背景水平的贡献较高的事件_10个在所有地区。最后，我们获得了从 1948 年到 2020 年在 ADO CT 下的天数及其相关的 GT、TPOT 和 TANOM 日平均值的统计显着上升趋势。这些结果表明从北非到西部的气团运输频率增加地中海盆地和 1948-2020 年间由于这种运输而产生的 ADO 强度。