Following detection of pathogen infection and disrupted cellular homeostasis, cells can activate a range of cell death pathways, such as apoptosis, necroptosis and pyroptosis, as part of their defence strategy. The initiation of pro-inflammatory, lytic pyroptosis is controlled by inflammasomes, which respond to a range of cellular perturbations. As is true for many host defence pathways, pathogens have evolved multiple mechanisms to subvert this pathway, many of which have only recently been described. Herein, we will discuss the mechanisms by which inflammasomes sense pathogen invasion and initiate pyroptosis and the effector mechanisms used by pathogens to suppress this pathway and preserve their niche.

中文翻译：

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在细菌感染期间激活和操纵炎症小体和细胞焦亡。

在检测到病原体感染和破坏的细胞稳态后，细胞可以激活一系列细胞死亡途径，例如细胞凋亡、坏死性凋亡和细胞焦亡，作为其防御策略的一部分。促炎、溶解性焦亡的开始由炎症小体控制，炎症小体对一系列细胞扰动作出反应。与许多宿主防御途径一样，病原体已经进化出多种机制来破坏该途径，其中许多机制最近才被描述。在这里，我们将讨论炎症小体感知病原体入侵和启动细胞焦亡的机制，以及病原体用来抑制该途径并保持其生态位的效应机制。