Identification of hot spots and hot moments (HSHMs) in regard to soil nitrogen (N) losses has received public attention. Soil nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions and mineral N leaching under varied annual precipitation were simulated with the DayCent model in a mixed landscape (tea garden, bamboo forest and coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forests). Their HSHMs were further quantified using the 3rd quartile value of all data as the baseline. Results showed that the hot moments of soil N₂O emissions were the dry year, summer, and months with high air temperature (July to September) and months after fertilization (April or May) at inter-annual, seasonal and monthly time scales, respectively. The hot moments of mineral N leaching at these time scales were the normal year or the wet year, spring or rainy seasons after drought, and rainy months after fertilization or drought, respectively. The main factors controlling the formation of hot moments on N losses were temperature, precipitation and fertilization. In addition, the hot spots of N₂O emissions and mineral N leaching in the mixed landscape were both distributed in the tea garden (TG). When the entire study area was assumed to be under the same land-use type (i.e., TG), the hot spots of these two kinds of N losses were mainly distributed in the areas with rock fragment content < 0.16 cm³ cm⁻³, field capacity > 0.24 cm³ cm⁻³, bulk density > 1.29 g cm⁻³, soil carbon (C)/N ratio < 13.26, and slope < 12°. These results indicated that fertilizer management, climate factors, soil properties and topography need to be comprehensively considered to alleviate the formation of HSHMs of N losses in mixed landscape mountainous areas.

关于土壤氮 (N) 损失的热点和热点 (HSHM) 的识别已受到公众的关注。采用 DayCent 模型在混合景观（茶园、竹林和针阔混交林）中模拟了不同年降水量下的土壤一氧化二氮 (N _{2 O) 排放和矿物 N 淋失。}他们的 HSHM 使用所有数据的第三个四分位数作为基线进一步量化。结果表明，土壤N _{2的热时刻}O 排放分别是年际、季节和月度时间尺度上的干旱年、夏季和气温高的月份（7 月至 9 月）和施肥后的几个月（4 月或 5 月）。在这些时间尺度上，矿物氮淋失的热点时间分别为常年或丰水年、干旱后的春季或雨季、施肥或干旱后的雨季。控制氮损失热时刻形成的主要因素是温度、降水和施肥。_{此外，N 2}的热点混合景观中的 O 排放和矿物 N 浸出均分布在茶园 (TG) 中。假设整个研究区处于同一土地利用类型（即TG）下，这两种N损失的热点主要分布在岩屑含量<0.16 cm ³ cm ^-3的区域，田间持水量 > 0.24 cm ³ cm ^-3，容重 > 1.29 g cm ^-3，土壤碳 (C)/N 比 < 13.26，坡度 < 12°。这些结果表明，需要综合考虑肥料管理、气候因素、土壤性质和地形，以缓解混合景观山区氮素流失的HSHMs的形成。