Rhizosphere models: their concepts and application to plant-soil ecosystems,Plant and Soil

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Rhizosphere models: their concepts and application to plant-soil ecosystems
Plant and Soil ( IF 3.9 ) Pub Date : 2022-04-19 , DOI: 10.1007/s11104-021-05201-7
Christian W. Kuppe _{1,

2} , Johannes A. Postma ₁ , Andrea Schnepf ₃ , Eric von Lieres ₄ , Michelle Watt ₅

Affiliation

Background

The rhizosphere is the influence-sphere of the root. It is a local ecosystem with complex functions that determine nutrient uptake, cycling of resources, and plant health. Mathematical models can quantitatively explain and help to understand rhizosphere complexity. To interpret model predictions and relevance of processes, we require understanding of the underlying concepts. Conceptualization of rhizosphere processes bridges mathematical modeling and experimental work and thus is key to understanding the rhizosphere.

Scope

We review concepts and assumptions foundational to the modeling of soil-plant-microorganism processes in the rhizosphere. Rhizosphere models are designed to simulate a plurality of components (solutes, substrates, and microorganisms). They specify components and interactions, drawing from the disciplines of soil science, botany, microbiology, and ecology. Solute transport models are applied to describe bioavailability in the rhizosphere. The root is typically a sink (e.g. nutrient uptake) or source (e.g. exudation) for one or more solutes. Microorganisms are usually described in time only, neglecting possible spatial movement. Interactions between components, e.g. chemical reactions and substrate-dependent bacterial growth rates, are usually described by coupling via reaction terms.

Conclusions

Rhizosphere models share concepts that we organized in a collective framework. This collective framework facilitates the development of new models. The interdisciplinary approach in which knowledge from soil ecology, botany, and soil physics are combined in rhizosphere models has proven fruitful for applications in plant and soil systems. We advocate multi-component-multi-interaction ecosystems around the root, with each component represented by an advection-diffusion-motility-reaction equation.

中文翻译：

根际模型：它们的概念和在植物-土壤生态系统中的应用

背景

根际是根的影响范围。它是一个具有复杂功能的本地生态系统，决定着养分吸收、资源循环和植物健康。数学模型可以定量解释和帮助理解根际复杂性。为了解释模型预测和过程的相关性，我们需要理解基本概念。根际过程的概念化连接了数学建模和实验工作，因此是理解根际的关键。

范围

我们回顾了根际土壤-植物-微生物过程建模的基础概念和假设。根际模型旨在模拟多种成分（溶质、底物和微生物）。他们从土壤科学、植物学、微生物学和生态学学科中指定成分和相互作用。溶质转运模型用于描述根际的生物利用度。根通常是一种或多种溶质的汇（例如养分吸收）或来源（例如渗出物）。微生物通常只在时间上描述，而忽略了可能的空间运动。组分之间的相互作用，例如化学反应和依赖于底物的细菌生长速率，通常通过反应术语耦合来描述。