Associations Between Sexual Desire and Within-Individual Testosterone and Cortisol in Men and Women,Adaptive Human Behavior and Physiology

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Associations Between Sexual Desire and Within-Individual Testosterone and Cortisol in Men and Women
Adaptive Human Behavior and Physiology ( IF 1.2 ) Pub Date : 2022-04-18 , DOI: 10.1007/s40750-022-00184-w
Kevin A Rosenfield ₁ , Heather Self ₁ , Talia Shirazi ₁ , David A. Puts ₁ , Rodrigo Cardenes ₂ , Khytam Dawood ₂ , Justin Carré ₃ , Triana Ortiz ₃

Affiliation

Objective

The dual-hormone hypothesis (DHH) posits that some effects of testosterone on human behavior and psychology related to status-seeking are moderated by cortisol, such that they are stronger when cortisol levels are low. In support of the DHH, studies have found that cortisol negatively moderated the relationship between testosterone and such traits as status-seeking and interest in uncommitted sex. Others indicate a positive moderating influence of cortisol in some cases. Here, we test whether two psychosexual indices—sexual desire and sociosexuality—meet the expectations of the DHH in a large sample of men and women.

Method

646 women and 185 men attended lab sessions during which they provided saliva samples for hormonal analysis and responded to the Sociosexual Orientation Inventory-Revised and the Sexual Desire Inventory (180 women and 43 men returned for a second session approximately two months later). We quantified salivary hormone concentrations using ELISA and assessed within- and between-participant effects of hormones on psychosexual measures with mixed-effects models.

Results

We observed a positive interaction between within-subjects cortisol and testosterone in models of sexual desire in both men and women. For women, these effects emerged in models of general sexual desire and in models of the dyadic desire subscale and were robust to many analytical configurations. For men, the effects were limited to models of solitary desire, but were also robust to alternative analyses. We present data to quantify our risks of both type I and type II error.

Conclusions

Some of our results contrast with usual dual-hormone hypothesis predictions of negative interactions between testosterone and cortisol. We suggest several potential explanations for these results, including a positive feedback loop whereby elevated testosterone prompts increases in sexual desire and behavior, necessitating cortisol-induced mobilization of energy stores.

中文翻译：

男性和女性性欲与个体内睾酮和皮质醇之间的关联

客观的

双激素假说 (DHH) 认为，睾酮对与地位寻求相关的人类行为和心理的某些影响受到皮质醇的调节，因此当皮质醇水平较低时，这些影响会更强。为了支持 DHH，研究发现皮质醇对睾酮与追求地位和对无承诺性行为的兴趣等特征之间的关系有负调节作用。其他研究表明皮质醇在某些情况下具有积极的调节作用。在这里，我们在大量男性和女性样本中测试了两个性心理指标——性欲和社会性——是否符合 DHH 的期望。

方法

646 名女性和 185 名男性参加了实验室会议，期间他们提供唾液样本进行荷尔蒙分析，并对社会性取向量表修订版和性欲量表做出反应（大约两个月后，180 名女性和 43 名男性返回参加第二次会议）。我们使用 ELISA 定量唾液激素浓度，并使用混合效应模型评估参与者内部和参与者之间激素对性心理测量的影响。