Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen (EPR) steering is one of the most intriguing features of quantum mechanics and an important resource for quantum communication. For practical applications, it remains a challenge to protect EPR steering from decoherence due to its intrinsic difference from entanglement. Here, we experimentally demonstrate the distillation of Gaussian EPR steering and entanglement in lossy and noisy environments using measurement-based noiseless linear amplification. Different from entanglement distillation, the extension of steerable region happens in the distillation of EPR steering, besides the enhancement of steerabilities. We demonstrate that the two-way or one-way steerable region is extended after the distillation of EPR steering when the NLA is implemented based on Bob’s or Alice’s measurement results. We also show that the NLA helps to extract the secret key from the insecure region in one-sided device-independent quantum key distribution with EPR steering. Our work paves the way for quantum communication exploiting EPR steering in practical quantum channels.

Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) 转向是量子力学最有趣的特征之一，也是量子通信的重要资源。对于实际应用，由于其与纠缠的内在差异，保护 EPR 转向免受退相干仍然是一个挑战。在这里，我们使用基于测量的无噪声线性放大实验证明了高斯 EPR 转向和纠缠在有损和嘈杂环境中的蒸馏。与纠缠蒸馏不同的是，在 EPR 转向的蒸馏中除了可操纵性的增强外，还发生了可操纵区域的扩展。我们证明，当基于 Bob 或 Alice 的测量结果实施 NLA 时，在 EPR 转向蒸馏后，双向或单向可转向区域得到扩展。我们还表明，NLA 有助于从带有 EPR 转向的单侧设备无关量子密钥分发中的不安全区域中提取密钥。我们的工作为在实际量子信道中利用 EPR 转向的量子通信铺平了道路。