Dietary factors may play an important role in the generation of symptoms in children with disorders of gut-brain interaction (DGBIs). Although dietary modification may provide successful treatment, there is a relative paucity of controlled trials that have shown the effectiveness of dietary interventions. This study is a narrative review that explores the existing literature on food and pediatric DGBIs. The following have been shown to be beneficial: (i) in infants with colic, removing cow's milk from the infant's diet or from the maternal diet in those who are breastfed; (ii) in infants with regurgitation, adding thickeners to the formula or removing cow's milk protein from the infant's diet or the maternal diet in those who are breastfed; and (iii) in children with pain-predominant DGBIs, using soluble fiber supplementation or a low fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols diet. In children with functional constipation, there is no evidence that adding fiber is beneficial. Given that most dietary interventions include restriction of different foods in children, a thoughtful approach and close follow-up are needed.

中文翻译：

---

针对肠-脑相互作用障碍的营养干预的儿科方面。

饮食因素可能在肠脑相互作用障碍（DGBIs）儿童症状的产生中发挥重要作用。尽管饮食调整可以提供成功的治疗，但显示饮食干预有效性的对照试验相对较少。本研究是一篇叙述性综述，探讨了有关食品和儿科 DGBIs 的现有文献。以下措施已被证明是有益的：（i）对于患有肠绞痛的婴儿，从婴儿饮食中或母乳喂养的母亲饮食中去除牛奶；(ii) 对于反流婴儿，在配方奶粉中添加增稠剂或从婴儿饮食或母乳喂养的母亲饮食中去除牛奶蛋白；(iii) 对于患有以疼痛为主的 DGBIs 的儿童，使用可溶性纤维补充剂或低发酵低聚糖、二糖、单糖和多元醇饮食。对于患有功能性便秘的儿童，没有证据表明添加纤维是有益的。鉴于大多数饮食干预措施包括限制儿童的不同食物，因此需要采取深思熟虑的方法和密切的随访。