This study aimed at investigating the effects of mycotoxin challenge on the growth and physiology of nursery pigs with different weaning weights. At weaning, 10 pigs were euthanized to collect jejunal mucosa and 90 pigs were assigned following a randomized complete block design in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments with 3 pigs per pen. Factors were: weaning weight (light: body weight, BW < 7.5 kg or heavy: BW > 9.0 kg); and dietary mycotoxins (supplementation of 0.2 mg/kg aflatoxins, 2.0 mg/kg deoxynivalenol). All diets had titanium dioxide as an external marker at 0.5%. Growth performance and fecal score were recorded until pigs achieved 20 kg BW (light pigs average BW = 21.1 kg and heavy pigs average BW = 20.5 kg). Pigs were sampled for blood, ileal digesta, jejunal tissue and mucosa at 20 kg BW. Data were analyzed using the mixed procedure of SAS. At weaning, light pigs had decreased (P < 0.05) jejunal interleukin-8, increased (P < 0.05) tumor necrosis factor-α, and increased (P < 0.05) α-diversity indexes of jejunal mucosa-associated microbiota. At 20 kg of BW, light pigs had decreased (P < 0.05) average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and gain to feed ratio (G/F). Mycotoxins decreased (P < 0.05) BW, ADG, ADFI, and G/F. Light pigs tended to have increased fecal score on d 0 (P = 0.080), d 10 (P = 0.069), and increased (P < 0.05) fecal score at 20 kg. Mycotoxins decreased the apparent ileal digestibility of nitrogen (P < 0.05). Light pigs had increased (P < 0.05) intestinal malondialdehydes and interleukin 8. Mycotoxins tended to increase (P = 0.060) intestinal tumor necrosis factor-α. Nursery pigs with light weaning weight were more susceptible to jejunal inflammation and had impaired intestinal health due to weaning stress, whereas mycotoxins diminished the health and growth of nursery pigs regardless of weaning weight.

中文翻译：

---

断奶体重和霉菌毒素挑战对空肠黏膜相关微生物群、肠道和全身健康以及保育猪生长性能的影响

本研究旨在调查霉菌毒素攻击对不同断奶体重保育猪生长和生理的影响。断奶时，对 10 头猪实施安乐死以收集空肠黏膜，90 头猪按照随机完整区组设计进行分配，采用 2 × 2 因子排列处理，每栏 3 头猪。因素是：断奶体重（轻：体重，BW < 7.5 kg 或重：BW > 9.0 kg）；和膳食霉菌毒素（补充 0.2 mg/kg 黄曲霉毒素、2.0 mg/kg 脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇）。所有饮食都以 0.5% 的二氧化钛作为外部标记。记录生长性能和粪便评分，直到猪达到 20 公斤体重（轻型猪平均体重 = 21.1 公斤，重猪平均体重 = 20.5 公斤）。以 20 kg BW 对猪进行血液、回肠食糜、空肠组织和粘膜取样。使用SAS的混合程序分析数据。断奶时，轻型猪的空肠白细胞介素8减少（P < 0.05），肿瘤坏死因子-α增加（P < 0.05），空肠黏膜相关微生物群的α多样性指数增加（P < 0.05）。在 20 公斤体重时，轻型猪的平均日增重 (ADG)、平均日采食量 (ADFI) 和增重比 (G/F) 下降 (P < 0.05)。霉菌毒素降低 (P < 0.05) BW、ADG、ADFI 和 G/F。体重较轻的猪在第 0 天 (P = 0.080)、第 10 天 (P = 0.069) 的粪便评分往往增加，并且在 20 kg 时的粪便评分增加 (P < 0.05)。霉菌毒素降低了氮的表观回肠消化率（P < 0.05）。轻型猪增加（P < 0.05）肠道丙二醛和白细胞介素8。霉菌毒素倾向于增加（P = 0.060）肠道肿瘤坏死因子-α。