Research suggests that personality traits are associated with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), dementia, and mortality risk, but the timing of when traits are most important in the progression to dementia and the extent to which they are associated with years of cognitive health span are unclear. This project applied secondary data analysis to the Rush Memory and Aging Project (N = 1954; baseline Mage = 80 years; 74% female) over up to 23 annual assessments. Multistate survival modeling examined the extent to which conscientiousness, neuroticism, and extraversion, assessed using the NEO Five Factor Inventory, were associated with transitions between cognitive status categories and death. Additionally, multinomial regression models estimated cognitive health span and total survival based on standard deviation units of personality traits. Adjusting for demographics, depressive symptoms, and apolipoprotein (APOE) ε4, personality traits were most important in the transition from no cognitive impairment (NCI) to MCI. For instance, higher conscientiousness was associated with a decreased risk of transitioning from NCI to MCI, hazard ratio (HR) = 0.78, 95% CI [0.72, 0.85] and higher neuroticism was associated with an increased risk of transitioning from NCI to MCI, HR = 1.12, 95% CI [1.04, 1.21]. Additional significant and nonsignificant results are discussed in the context of the existing literature. While personality traits were not associated with total longevity, individuals higher in conscientiousness and extraversion, and lower in neuroticism, had more years of cognitive health span, particularly female participants. These findings provide novel understanding of the simultaneous associations between personality traits and transitions between cognitive status categories and death, as well as cognitive health span and total longevity. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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老年人的人格特征、认知状态和死亡率。


研究表明，人格特质与轻度认知障碍 (MCI)、痴呆和死亡风险相关，但特质在痴呆进展过程中何时最为重要，以及它们与多年认知健康跨度的相关程度尚不明确。不清楚。该项目将二次数据分析应用于 Rush Memory and Aging Project（N = 1954；基线法师 = 80 岁；74% 女性），进行了多达 23 次年度评估。多状态生存模型检查了使用 NEO 五因素量表评估的责任心、神经质和外向性与认知状态类别和死亡之间转变的相关程度。此外，多项回归模型根据人格特质的标准差单位估计认知健康跨度和总生存期。调整人口统计学、抑郁症状和载脂蛋白 (APOE) ε4 后，人格特质在从无认知障碍 (NCI) 到 MCI 的转变中最为重要。例如，较高的责任心与从 NCI 转变为 MCI 的风险降低相关，风险比 (HR) = 0.78，95% CI [0.72, 0.85]，较高的神经质与从 NCI 转变为 MCI 的风险增加相关， HR = 1.12，95% CI [1.04，1.21]。其他重要和不重要的结果将在现有文献的背景下进行讨论。虽然性格特征与总寿命无关，但责任心和外向性较高、神经质较低的个体，认知健康寿命更长，尤其是女性参与者。 这些发现为人格特质与认知状态类别和死亡之间的转变以及认知健康跨度和总寿命之间的同时关联提供了新的理解。 （PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2023 APA，保留所有权利）。