Eurasian Soil Science ( IF 1.4 ) Pub Date : 2022-04-11 , DOI: 10.1134/s1064229322030127 G. F. Rafikova 1 , E. V. Kuzina 1 , T. Yu. Korshunova 1
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Abstract
The effect of contamination with oil, lead, and their combinations and the influence of bioremediation with the use of microorganisms on the biological activity of leached chernozem (Luvic Chernozem) was comprehensively analyzed in a model experiment. The studied soil was sampled in Ufa district of the Republic of Bashkortostan and artificially contaminated with the listed pollutants. The soil was treated with hydrocarbon-oxidizing bacterial strains resistant to high concentrations of lead ions. All types of pollutants increased the soil phytotoxicity, while applied microorganisms reduced it, which was manifested in a rise in the seed germination index by 1.2‒19.2% as compared to untreated variants. The addition of lead into the oil-contaminated soil reduced the degree of decomposition of hydrocarbons by 4.4–11.2%. Bacterization of contaminated soils enhanced the degradation of hydrocarbons by 6.2–33.8%. The total number of microorganisms increased in soils with oil and with oil and lead. Actinomycetes were most sensitive to the presence of xenobiotics. By the end of the experiment, the enzymatic activity of the oil-contaminated soil decreased. The presence of lead caused a slight rise in the catalase and invertase activities in the first half of the experiment. The combined contamination significantly suppressed the activity of catalase and urease. Bioaugmentation exerted a favorable effect on the restoration of the soil enzymatic activity. The applied bacterial strains contributed to a decrease in phytotoxicity and to an increase in the enzymatic activity of the soil, which makes them promising agents for soil bioremediation.
中文翻译：
生物修复对油铅污染浸出黑钙土生物活性的影响
摘要
在模型试验中综合分析了油、铅及其组合污染的影响以及利用微生物进行生物修复对浸出黑钙土（Luvic Chernozem）生物活性的影响。研究的土壤在巴什科尔托斯坦共和国的乌法区取样，并被所列污染物人为污染。土壤用抗高浓度铅离子的碳氢化合物氧化菌株处理。所有类型的污染物都增加了土壤的植物毒性，而施用的微生物则降低了它，这表现为种子发芽指数与未经处理的变种相比上升了 1.2-19.2%。向石油污染土壤中添加铅可使碳氢化合物的分解程度降低 4.4-11.2%。受污染土壤的细菌化使碳氢化合物的降解率提高了 6.2-33.8%。含油和含油和铅的土壤中微生物的总数增加。放线菌对异生物质的存在最为敏感。试验结束时，油污土壤的酶活性下降。在实验的前半部分，铅的存在导致过氧化氢酶和转化酶活性略有上升。联合污染显着抑制了过氧化氢酶和脲酶的活性。生物强化对土壤酶活性的恢复发挥了有利的作用。应用的细菌菌株有助于降低植物毒性并增加土壤的酶活性，这使其成为土壤生物修复的有希望的药剂。
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