From the colonial period until the present, exit has been a central feature of Latin American political life. This article analyses the history of emigration regimes in Latin America and finds that variables such as regime type, immigration drivers and the profile of those trying to exit are key to understanding how this practice is regulated throughout the region. We find that in Latin America, the decision to restrict, permit or even encourage exit has long been influenced by the need to maximize loyalty to incumbent rule while minimizing domestic dissent and potential hostility from foreign exile diasporas. Authoritarian regimes have historically fostered politically motived exit, yet demonstrate a reluctance to permit any unsanctioned elite emigration in order to prevent political rivals from generating hostility abroad. By contrast, democratic regimes seldom cause politically motivated exit in the same manner, yet have proven uninterested in addressing economically motivated exit because this serves to both relieve domestic pressures while stimulating the foreign remittance economy.

中文翻译：

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控制话语权和忠诚度：拉丁美洲的退出监管

从殖民时期到现在，退出一直是拉丁美洲政治生活的核心特征。本文分析了拉丁美洲移民制度的历史，发现制度类型、移民驱动因素和试图离开的人的概况等变量是了解如何在整个地区监管这种做法的关键。我们发现，在拉丁美洲，限制、允许甚至鼓励退出的决定长期以来一直受到需要最大限度地忠诚于现任统治，同时最大限度地减少国内异议和外国流亡侨民的潜在敌意的影响。威权政权历来鼓励出于政治动机的退出，但为了防止政治对手在国外产生敌意，不愿允许任何未经批准的精英移民。相比之下，