ABSTRACT

Barngarla is a Thura-Yura Pama-Nyungan language originally spoken on the Eyre Peninsula, South Australia and adjacent northern hinterlands. This paper proposes various etymologies and supports the Barngarla language reclamation. Reflecting Barngarla epistemology and traditional ecological knowledge, toponyms are intimately connected to place name reclamation and language reclamation. Delineating hunting, foraging and fishing places, geographical features, and sites embedded in oral history, toponyms also provide windows into broader diachronic processes within grammar and phonology. Oral history recorded by the German missionary Clamor Wilhelm Schürmann indicates naming practices dating back to the late-Pleistocene showing some similarities to other, non-Barngarla groups. Several named band areas seem focused on floristic regions. Barngarla toponyms exhibit signs of diachronic processes both regarding phonology and grammar. We explore the extent to which post-invasion Barngarla names are identifiable, propose evidence for Thura-Yura lenition of an original gabi ‘water’ form, and discuss a locative form -la unrecorded by Schürmann.

摘要

Barngarla 是一种 Thura-Yura Pama-Nyungan 语言，最初在南澳大利亚的艾尔半岛和邻近的北部腹地使用。本文提出了各种词源并支持 Barngarla 语言回收。反映巴恩加拉认识论和传统生态知识的地名与地名复垦和语言复垦密切相关。地名描绘了狩猎、觅食和捕鱼的地方、地理特征和嵌入口述历史的地点，还提供了进入语法和音韵学中更广泛的历时过程的窗口。德国传教士 Clamor Wilhelm Schürmann 记录的口述历史表明，可追溯到晚更新世的命名实践与其他非巴恩加拉族群有一些相似之处。几个命名的带区似乎集中在植物区系上。Barngarla 地名在语音和语法方面都表现出历时过程的迹象。我们探讨了入侵后巴恩加拉名字的可识别程度，提出了 Thura-Yura 对原作的引用的证据gabi 'water' 形式，并讨论了一种方位形式 - la Schürmann 未记录的形式。