The strategy of combining a vaccine with immune checkpoint inhibitors has been widely investigated in cancer management, but the complete response rate for this strategy is still unresolved. We describe a genetically engineered cell membrane nanovesicle that integrates antigen self-presentation and immunosuppression reversal (ASPIRE) for cancer immunotherapy. The ASPIRE nanovaccine is derived from recombinant adenovirus-infected dendritic cells in which specific peptide-major histocompatibility complex class I (pMHC-I), anti-PD1 antibody and B7 co-stimulatory molecules are simultaneously anchored by a programmed process. ASPIRE can markedly improve antigen delivery to lymphoid organs and generate broad-spectrum T-cell responses that eliminate established tumours. This work presents a powerful vaccine formula that can directly activate both native T cells and exhausted T cells, and suggests a general strategy for personalized cancer immunotherapy.

将疫苗与免疫检查点抑制剂相结合的策略已在癌症管理中得到广泛研究，但该策略的完全反应率仍未得到解决。我们描述了一种基因工程细胞膜纳米囊泡，它整合了抗原自我呈递和免疫抑制逆转 (ASPIRE) 用于癌症免疫治疗。ASPIRE 纳米疫苗源自重组腺病毒感染的树突状细胞，其中特定的肽主要组织相容性复合物 I 类 (pMHC-I)、抗 PD1 抗体和 B7 共刺激分子通过程序过程同时锚定。ASPIRE 可以显着改善抗原向淋巴器官的传递，并产生广谱 T 细胞反应，从而消除已形成的肿瘤。