A robust water supply system is significant to the local ecosystem of riparian vegetation in the arid basin. Considering the elasticity and relative importance of ecological water use in different regions of the basin, this study defines the ecological water rights on a multi-year scale, divides the priority of those rights based on the ecological network, and proposes a rights allocation method. The application of the method to the mainstream watershed of Tarim River in China shows that when the overall available ecological water is only 77% of the ecological water demand, it can ensure that the ecological water demand of vegetation in important areas is fully met and the growth condition is good. However, the demand in non-important areas must be less than 50% and the growth condition will deteriorate. This method expands the existing definition and distribution of water rights, and the approach of coupling ecological networks can be used for the efficient management of ecological water supply in other arid basins.

一个强大的供水系统对干旱盆地的当地河岸植被生态系统具有重要意义。考虑到流域不同区域生态用水的弹性和相对重要性，本研究在多年尺度上界定了生态用水权，基于生态网络划分了这些权利的优先级，并提出了一种权利分配方法。该方法在我国塔里木河干流流域的应用表明，当整体可利用生态需水量仅为生态需水量的77%时，可以保证重要地区植被的生态需水量得到充分满足，生长状况良好。但非重要地区的需求必须低于50%，增长状况将恶化。