In a recent survey of olive groves in the Southeast Anatolia Region of Turkey, a new and serious decline of olive trees, beginning with foliar scorching and then dieback of twigs, branches, and even whole trees, was observed for the first time. In more advanced stages of the disease, necrosis and cankers were observed on the bark of the trunk, branches, and twigs. Isolations from symptomatic tissues from multiple cultivars in diverse locations yielded Neoscytalidium dimidiatum, which were identified using ITS, tef1, and tub2 loci of genomic DNA, in combination with morphological data. In vitro studies showed that conidial germination, hyphal growth, and pycnidia formation of the pathogen were positively correlated with elevated temperatures. Wild type olive “Delice”, “Edincik Su”, and “Memecik” seemed like the most resistant cultivars on which disease severity values were the lowest among 14 screened olive cultivars in two experimental orchards under natural conditions. Pathogenicity tests showed that “Gemlik” was the most susceptible cultivar showing the largest cankers and extensive scorch lesions. Isolates caused canker but not leaf scorch on O. europaea cultivars “Arbequina” “Halhalı”, “Manzanilla”, “Nizip Yağlık”, and “Saurani”. Neoscytalidium isolates are likely to have a negative impact on the health of diverse olive groves, which are primarily confined to Mediterranean-type climatic regions. These findings suggest an increased risk of infection in environments with increasing temperatures, as is common in the Southeast Anatolia Region of Turkey. The information gathered in this study will be used to examine the disease's epidemiology and establish disease control initiatives. This is also the first report of N. dimidiatum infecting O. europaea in the world.

在最近对土耳其东南安纳托利亚地区橄榄树进行的一项调查中，首次观察到橄榄树出现新的严重衰退，首先是叶面烧焦，然后是树枝、树枝甚至整棵树的枯死。在疾病的更晚期阶段，在树干、树枝和细枝的树皮上观察到坏死和溃疡。从不同地点的多个栽培品种的症状组织中分离得到了二粒新孢子虫，使用基因组 DNA 的 ITS、tef1和tub2基因座并结合形态学数据对其进行了鉴定。体外研究表明，分生孢子萌发、菌丝生长和分生孢子病原体的形成与温度升高呈正相关。野生型橄榄“Delice”、“Edincik Su”和“Memecik”似乎是在自然条件下两个实验果园的 14 个筛选橄榄品种中抗病性最强的品种，其疾病严重性值最低。致病性测试表明，“Gemlik”是最易感染的品种，具有最大的溃疡和广泛的焦斑。分离株在O上引起溃疡病但不引起叶焦。欧洲栽培品种“Arbequina”、“ Halhalı ”、“Manzanilla”、“Nizip Yağlık”和“Saurani”。新胞嘧啶分离株可能对主要局限于地中海型气候区域的各种橄榄树的健康产生负面影响。这些发现表明在温度升高的环境中感染风险增加，这在土耳其东南安纳托利亚地区很常见。本研究中收集的信息将用于检查该疾病的流行病学并制定疾病控制措施。这也是N的第一次报道。dimidiatum感染O . 世界上的欧洲。