This paper addresses a major gap in sustainability transitions research: the role of shocks in shaping transition dynamics. The papers focuses on shocks with traumatic consequences, in particular World War I and II. The paper revisits discussions on the sociotechnical landscape in the Multi-Level Perspective (MLP) and Deep Transition framework, offering refined versions of the concepts of systemic and landscape imprinting. It proceeds with a case-study analysis focusing on niche developments during WWI in relation to chemicals and the emergence of chemical warfare, and the lasting impact this shock had on interwar developments, WWII and the post-WWII context. The collective memories of the use of chemical weapons during war and expectations around future use of chemical weapons formed a new backdrop that influenced developments in the food system. Here, food became more tightly intertwined with military imperatives related to preparations regarding the use of chemical and biological weapons. This paper contributes to emerging understandings of how landscape shocks influence sociotechnical change, in particular how these shocks can lead to long lasting tight couplings between socio-technical systems. Two broader research recommendations follow from it. First, more work is needed on the neglected role of war and the military in sociotechnical transitions. Second, in terms of contemporary sustainability challenges, research could consider how landscape events - including the coronavirus pandemic, events related to dramatic biodiversity losses and the climate crisis as well as the traumatic experience of poverty traps and steep rising inequality - may produce trauma and new forms of shared meaning and expectations that impinge on sociotechnical change.

本文解决了可持续性转型研究中的一个主要差距：冲击在塑造转型动态中的作用。这些论文侧重于具有创伤性后果的冲击，特别是第一次世界大战和第二次世界大战。本文重新审视了多层次视角 (MLP) 和深度转型框架中对社会技术景观的讨论，提供了系统和景观印记概念的改进版本。它继续进行案例研究分析，重点关注第一次世界大战期间与化学品和化学战的出现有关的利基发展，以及这种冲击对两次世界大战期间的发展、二战和二战后背景的持久影响。战争期间使用化学武器的集体记忆和对未来使用化学武器的期望形成了影响粮食系统发展的新背景。在这里，食物与准备使用化学和生物武器的军事命令更加紧密地交织在一起。本文有助于对景观冲击如何影响社会技术变化的新认识，特别是这些冲击如何导致社会技术系统之间的长期紧密耦合。两个更广泛的研究建议随之而来。首先，需要对战争和军队在社会技术转型中被忽视的作用开展更多工作。其次，就当代可持续性挑战而言，研究可以考虑景观事件（包括冠状病毒大流行）如何，