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Cytotoxic granzyme C–expressing ILC1s contribute to antitumor immunity and neonatal autoimmunity
Science Immunology ( IF 24.8 ) Pub Date : 2022-04-08 , DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abi8642
Briana G Nixon 1, 2 , Chun Chou 1 , Chirag Krishna 3 , Saïda Dadi 1 , Adam O Michel 4 , Andrew E Cornish 1, 5 , Emily R Kansler 1 , Mytrang H Do 1, 2 , Xinxin Wang 1, 2 , Kristelle J Capistrano 1 , Alexander Y Rudensky 1, 2, 6 , Christina S Leslie 3 , Ming O Li 1, 2
Affiliation  

Innate lymphocytes are integral components of the cellular immune system that can coordinate host defense against a multitude of challenges and trigger immunopathology when dysregulated. Natural killer (NK) cells and innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are innate immune effectors postulated to functionally mirror conventional cytotoxic T lymphocytes and helper T cells, respectively. Here, we showed that the cytolytic molecule granzyme C was expressed in cells with the phenotype of type 1 ILCs (ILC1s) in mouse liver and salivary gland. Cell fate-mapping and transfer studies revealed that granzyme C–expressing innate lymphocytes could be derived from ILC progenitors and did not interconvert with NK cells, ILC2s, or ILC3s. Granzyme C defined a maturation state of ILC1s. These granzyme C–expressing ILC1s required the transcription factors T-bet and, to a lesser extent, Eomes and support from transforming growth factor–β (TGF-β) signaling for their maintenance in the salivary gland. In a transgenic mouse breast cancer model, depleting ILC1s caused accelerated tumor growth. ILC1s gained granzyme C expression following interleukin-15 (IL-15) stimulation, which enabled perforin-mediated cytotoxicity. Constitutive activation of STAT5, a transcription factor regulated by IL-15, in granzyme C–expressing ILC1s triggered lethal perforin-dependent autoimmunity in neonatal mice. Thus, granzyme C marks a cytotoxic effector state of ILC1s, broadening their function beyond “helper-like” lymphocytes.

中文翻译:

表达细胞毒性颗粒酶 C 的 ILC1 有助于抗肿瘤免疫和新生儿自身免疫

先天淋巴细胞是细胞免疫系统的组成部分,可以协调宿主防御多种挑战并在失调时触发免疫病理学。自然杀伤 (NK) 细胞和先天性淋巴细胞 (ILC) 是先天免疫效应细胞,被假定在功能上分别反映常规细胞毒性 T 淋巴细胞和辅助 T 细胞。在这里,我们发现溶细胞分子颗粒酶 C 在小鼠肝脏和唾液腺中具有 1 型 ILC (ILC1s) 表型的细胞中表达。细胞命运图谱和转移研究表明,表达颗粒酶 C 的先天淋巴细胞可能来自 ILC 祖细胞,并且不会与 NK 细胞、ILC2 或 ILC3 相互转化。粒酶 C 定义了 ILC1s 的成熟状态。这些表达颗粒酶 C 的 ILC1 需要转录因子 T-bet,并且,在较小程度上,Eomes 和转化生长因子-β (TGF-β) 信号转导支持它们在唾液腺中的维持。在转基因小鼠乳腺癌模型中,消耗 ILC1 会导致肿瘤加速生长。ILC1s 在白细胞介素 15 (IL-15) 刺激后获得颗粒酶 C 表达,这使得穿孔素介导的细胞毒性成为可能。STAT5(一种受 IL-15 调节的转录因子)在表达粒酶 C 的 ILC1 中的组成型激活引发了新生小鼠中致命的穿孔素依赖性自身免疫。因此,颗粒酶 C 标志着 ILC1 的细胞毒性效应状态,将其功能扩展到“辅助样”淋巴细胞之外。消耗ILC1会导致肿瘤加速生长。ILC1s 在白细胞介素 15 (IL-15) 刺激后获得颗粒酶 C 表达,这使得穿孔素介导的细胞毒性成为可能。STAT5(一种受 IL-15 调节的转录因子)在表达粒酶 C 的 ILC1 中的组成型激活引发了新生小鼠中致命的穿孔素依赖性自身免疫。因此,颗粒酶 C 标志着 ILC1 的细胞毒性效应状态,将其功能扩展到“辅助样”淋巴细胞之外。消耗ILC1会导致肿瘤加速生长。ILC1s 在白细胞介素 15 (IL-15) 刺激后获得颗粒酶 C 表达,这使得穿孔素介导的细胞毒性成为可能。STAT5(一种受 IL-15 调节的转录因子)在表达粒酶 C 的 ILC1 中的组成型激活引发了新生小鼠中致命的穿孔素依赖性自身免疫。因此,颗粒酶 C 标志着 ILC1 的细胞毒性效应状态,将其功能扩展到“辅助样”淋巴细胞之外。
更新日期:2022-04-08
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