Cognitive difficulties typically resolve within days to weeks following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI); however, a sizable proportion of individuals continue to report cognitive symptoms months to years later that are often associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression to a greater degree than a history of mTBI. The current study sought to evaluate the prevalence of self-reported cognitive difficulties as well as the relative contributions of demographic, injury-related, and mental health variables in a large study of U.S. military personnel injured during deployment since 2001. Slightly fewer than half (42.0%) of participants reported elevated cognitive difficulties compared with a normative population; however, this was driven primarily by those who screened positive for PTSD or depression. Hierarchical linear regression revealed that various demographic and injury factors, including lower educational attainment, retired or separated military status, enlisted rank, and a history of deployment-related mTBI, were associated with more self-reported cognitive difficulties, f² = 0.07. Screening positive for PTSD or depression accounted for 32.1% of the variance in self-reported cognitive symptoms, f² = 0.63, whereas injury variables, including a history of deployment-related mTBI, albeit significant in the model, accounted for 1.6%. The current findings add to the growing body of literature underscoring the importance of screening for and treating mental health conditions in injured military personnel.

中文翻译：

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部署受伤的美国军事人员自我报告的认知困难的普遍性和相关性

轻度创伤性脑损伤 (mTBI) 后，认知困难通常会在几天到几周内解决；然而，相当大一部分人在数月至数年后继续报告认知症状，这些症状通常与创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD) 和抑郁症相关，其程度高于 mTBI 病史。目前的研究旨在评估自 2001 年以来在部署期间受伤的美国军事人员的一项大型研究中自我报告的认知困难的普遍性以及人口统计、伤害相关和心理健康变量的相对贡献。略低于一半 (与正常人群相比，42.0% 的参与者报告认知困难增加；然而，这主要是由那些筛查出 PTSD 或抑郁症呈阳性的人推动的。f ² = 0.07。PTSD 或抑郁症筛查阳性占自我报告认知症状方差的 32.1%，f ² = 0.63，而伤害变量（包括与部署相关的 mTBI 病史）虽然在模型中很重要，但占 1.6%。目前的研究结果增加了越来越多的文献，强调了筛查和治疗受伤军人心理健康状况的重要性。