Inflammatory cell infiltration is central to healing after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The relation of regional inflammation to edema, infarct size (IS), microvascular obstruction (MVO), intramyocardial hemorrhage (IMH), and regional and global LV function is not clear. Here we noninvasively characterized regional inflammation and contractile function in reperfused AMI in pigs using fluorine (¹⁹F) cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR). Adult anesthetized pigs underwent left anterior descending coronary artery instrumentation with either 90 min occlusion (n = 17) or without occlusion (sham, n = 5). After 3 days, in surviving animals a perfluorooctyl bromide nanoemulsion was infused intravenously to label monocytes/macrophages. At day 6, in vivo ¹H-CMR was performed with cine, T2 and T2* weighted imaging, T2 and T1 mapping, perfusion and late gadolinium enhancement followed by ¹⁹F-CMR. Pigs were sacrificed for subsequent ex vivo scans and histology. Edema extent was 35 ± 8% and IS was 22 ± 6% of LV mass. Six of ten surviving AMI animals displayed both MVO and IMH (3.3 ± 1.6% and 1.9 ± 0.8% of LV mass). The ¹⁹F signal, reflecting the presence and density of monocytes/macrophages, was consistently smaller than edema volume or IS and not apparent in remote areas. The ¹⁹F signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) > 8 in the infarct border zone was associated with impaired remote systolic wall thickening. A whole heart value of ¹⁹F integral (¹⁹F SNR × milliliter) > 200 was related to initial LV remodeling independently of edema, IS, MVO, and IMH. Thus, ¹⁹F-CMR quantitatively characterizes regional inflammation after AMI and its relation to edema, IS, MVO, IMH and regional and global LV function and remodeling.

炎症细胞浸润是急性心肌梗死 (AMI) 后愈合的核心。局部炎症与水肿、梗死面积 (IS)、微血管阻塞 (MVO)、心肌内出血 (IMH) 以及局部和整体 LV 功能的关系尚不清楚。^{在这里，我们使用氟 ( 19} F) 心血管磁共振 (CMR)非侵入性地表征了猪再灌注 AMI 的局部炎症和收缩功能。成年麻醉猪接受了左前降支冠状动脉器械检查，有 90 分钟闭塞（n  = 17）或无闭塞（假手术，n  = 5）。3 天后，将全氟辛基溴纳米乳剂静脉内注入存活的动物体内，以标记单核细胞/巨噬细胞。第 6 天，体内¹ H-CMR 使用电影、T2 和 T2* 加权成像、T2 和 T1 映射、灌注和晚期钆增强，然后进行¹⁹ F-CMR。为随后的离体扫描和组织学而处死猪。水肿程度为 35 ± 8%，IS 为 LV 质量的 22 ± 6%。十只幸存的 AMI 动物中有六只同时显示 MVO 和 IMH（LV 质量的 3.3 ± 1.6% 和 1.9 ± 0.8%）。反映单核细胞/巨噬细胞的存在和密度的¹⁹ F 信号始终小于水肿体积或 IS，并且在偏远地区不明显。梗死边界区的¹⁹ F 信噪比 (SNR) > 8 与远端收缩壁增厚受损有关。全心值^19F积分（¹⁹F SNR × 毫升) > 200 与初始 LV 重构相关，与水肿、IS、MVO 和 IMH 无关。因此，¹⁹ F-CMR 定量表征 AMI 后的局部炎症及其与水肿、IS、MVO、IMH 以及局部和整体 LV 功能和重塑的关系。