Interactions with parents are integral in shaping the development of children’s emotional processes. Important aspects of these interactions are overall (mean level) affective experience and affective synchrony (linkages between parent and child affect across time). Respectively, mean-level affect and affective synchrony reflect aspects of the content and structure of dyadic interactions. Most research on parent–child affect during dyadic interactions has focused on infancy and early childhood; adolescence, however, is a key period for both normative emotional development and the emergence of emotional disorders. We examined affect in early to mid-adolescents (N = 55, Mage = 12.27) and their parents using a video-mediated recall task of 10-min conflict-topic discussions. Using multilevel modeling, we found evidence of significant level-2 effects (mean affect) and level-1 effects (affective synchrony) for parents and their adolescents. Level-2 and level-1 associations were differentially moderated by adolescent age and adolescent internalizing and externalizing symptoms. More specifically, parent–adolescent synchrony was stronger when adolescents were older and had more internalizing problems. Further, more positive adolescent mean affect was associated with more positive parent affect (and vice versa), but only for dyads with low adolescent externalizing problems. Results underscore the importance of additional research examining parent–child affect in adolescence.

与父母的互动对于塑造儿童情绪过程的发展是不可或缺的。这些互动的重要方面是总体（平均水平）情感体验和情感同步（父母和孩子之间的联系跨时间影响）。平均水平影响和情感同步分别反映了二元交互的内容和结构的各个方面。大多数关于二元互动中亲子影响的研究都集中在婴儿期和幼儿期；然而，青春期是正常情绪发展和情绪障碍出现的关键时期。我们检查了青少年早期到中期的影响（N = 55，M年龄= 12.27) 和他们的父母使用视频介导的 10 分钟冲突主题讨论回忆任务。使用多层次建模，我们发现了父母及其青少年显着的 2 级效应（平均情感）和 1 级效应（情感同步）的证据。2 级和 1 级关联受青少年年龄和青少年内化和外化症状的不同调节。更具体地说，当青少年年龄较大并且有更多内化问题时，父母与青少年的同步性更强。此外，更积极的青少年平均影响与更积极的父母影响相关（反之亦然），但仅适用于青少年外化问题较低的二元组。结果强调了额外研究检查青春期亲子影响的重要性。