Abstract

Introduction

Disrupted sleep is associated with non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) in young adults, but many specific features of sleep continuity and timing have yet to be examined. Additionally, the psychological mechanisms linking sleep to NSSI are unclear. The present study evaluated 14 sleep variables as classifiers of lifetime or recent NSSI and examined potential confounding and mediating factors.

Methods

A sample of 885 college students provided measures of sleep continuity (e.g., duration, timing, fragmentation), nightmares, insomnia, and perceived sleep control. Lifetime and past 3-month NSSI were measured using a self-report version of the Columbia Suicide Severity Ratings Scale. Bidirectional stepwise regression identified significant sleep classifiers and subsequent models examined their associations with NSSI after adjusting for covariates and through potential psychological mediators.

Results

Only absolute social jetlag was associated with recent NSSI, even after adjusting for covariates, such that each additional hour difference between weekday and weekend sleep schedules was associated with a 17% greater risk of recent NSSI. Nightmares, weekend sleep efficiency, and perceived sleep control were associated with lifetime NSSI, although only weekend sleep efficiency remained associated after adjusting for covariates. Bootstrap mediations identified negative urgency as a partial mediator for recent and lifetime NSSI, and lack of premeditation and perceived burdensomeness as partial mediators for lifetime NSSI.

Conclusions

The timing and consistency of young adults’ sleep schedules may be of greater importance to NSSI among college students than insomnia or insufficient sleep. Future studies of sleep and NSSI should include these measures as potential risk factors.

• HIGHLIGHTS

• Differences between weekday/weekend sleep timing are linked to recent NSSI.

• Negative urgency partially mediates poor sleep on recent and lifetime NSSI.

• Sleep shares a multifaceted relationship with NSSI risk in college students.

中文翻译：

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社交时差和睡眠的其他方面与大学生的非自杀性自伤有关

摘要

介绍

睡眠中断与年轻人的非自杀性自伤 (NSSI) 相关，但睡眠连续性和时间的许多具体特征尚待研究。此外，将睡眠与 NSSI 联系起来的心理机制尚不清楚。本研究评估了 14 个睡眠变量作为终生或近期 NSSI 的分类器，并检查了潜在的混杂因素和中介因素。

方法

885 名大学生的样本提供了睡眠连续性（例如，持续时间、时间、碎片）、噩梦、失眠和感知睡眠控制的措施。使用 Columbia Suicide Severity Ratings Scale 的自我报告版本测量终生和过去 3 个月的 NSSI。双向逐步回归确定了重要的睡眠分类器，随后的模型在调整协变量后并通过潜在的心理调解器检查了它们与 NSSI 的关联。

结果

只有绝对社交时差与最近的 NSSI 相关，即使在针对协变量进行调整后，工作日和周末睡眠时间表之间每增加一个小时的差异，最近 NSSI 的风险就会增加 17%。噩梦、周末睡眠效率和感知睡眠控制与终生 NSSI 相关，尽管在调整协变量后只有周末睡眠效率仍然相关。Bootstrap 中介将消极紧迫性确定为近期和终生 NSSI 的部分中介，以及缺乏预谋和感知负担作为终生 NSSI 的部分中介。

结论

与失眠或睡眠不足相比，年轻人睡眠时间表的时间安排和一致性对大学生 NSSI 可能更重要。未来的睡眠和 NSSI 研究应将这些措施作为潜在的风险因素包括在内。

• 强调

• 工作日/周末睡眠时间的差异与最近的 NSSI 有关。

• 消极紧迫感部分地介导了近期和终生 NSSI 的睡眠不足。

• 睡眠与大学生的 NSSI 风险存在多方面的关系。