ABSTRACT

Rock Camp (CA-SBR-342) in the San Bernardino Mountains has been regarded as a seasonal Late Prehistoric Complex acorn processing base camp since it was excavated in the 1960s. Reanalysis of its collections and new investigations at the nearby Willow Creek Crossing sites permit reevaluation of archaeological models for the Transverse Ranges of southern California and the adjacent Mojave Desert. Diagnostic artifacts, site structure, and obsidian hydration dating indicate montane Greven Knoll I (9,400-4,000 BP) occupations in inland southern California several millennia earlier than has been previously posited. Moreover, the presence of stemmed points suggests that the Greven Knoll Pattern of the Encinitas Tradition was introduced into the region directly from the Mojave Desert during the onset of the Altithermal. This analysis also serves as a reminder for archaeologists to use ethnohistoric models with caution and to look beyond the obvious.

摘要

圣贝纳迪诺山脉的岩石营地 (CA-SBR-342) 自 1960 年代发掘以来，一直被视为季节性晚期史前复合体橡子加工基地。对其收藏品的重新分析和在附近的柳溪穿越遗址的新调查允许重新评估南加州横向山脉和邻近的莫哈韦沙漠的考古模型。诊断文物、遗址结构和黑曜石水合作用测年表明，加利福尼亚南部内陆的山地 Greven Knoll I (9,400-4,000 BP) 职业比之前假设的要早几千年。此外，茎点的存在表明 Encinitas 传统的 Greven Knoll 模式是在高热爆发期间直接从莫哈韦沙漠引入该地区的。