In addition to protected areas, sustainable working landscapes are key to successful biodiversity conservation. Yet such landscapes are threatened by rapid crop expansion, in particular in Brazil. In this context, this study explores the influence of farming systems on farm-scale vegetation patterns around the Serra da Bodoquena National Park in Mato Grosso do Sul. To collect data on farming systems and how they are evolving, we conducted interviews at 40 farms covering 120,000 ha, including eight farms with land within the national park. To assess vegetation patterns, we conducted pixel-wise and landscape analyses based on MapBiomas land cover maps from which we calculated seven metrics over the 2009–2019 period. Using multivariate methods, we identified the activities that differentiated farming systems, isolating five farm types with contrasting involvement in crop cultivation and ranching. We found that most farm-scale landscape metrics were only weakly influenced by farming systems. Temporal analyses and interviews suggested that biophysical and legislative contexts limit crop expansion, which mainly occurred at the expense of old pastures and did not directly impact forest proportion within farms. As a consequence, crop expansion in the region seemed to mainly affect small tree patches in pasture areas, making its effect on vegetation patterns barely detectable with 30-m resolution imagery. These findings suggest that rather than focusing solely on deforestation, monitoring the dynamics of wooded pastures with high-resolution images is crucial to assess the early effects of crop expansion on vegetation patterns and to ensure the conservation of biodiversity-friendly agricultural matrices around protected areas in Brazil.

除了保护区，可持续的工作景观是成功保护生物多样性的关键。然而，这种景观受到作物快速增长的威胁，特别是在巴西。在此背景下，本研究探讨了农业系统对南马托格罗索州 Serra da Bodoquena 国家公园周围农场规模植被模式的影响。为了收集有关农业系统及其演变方式的数据，我们对占地 120,000 公顷的 40 个农场进行了采访，其中包括在国家公园内拥有土地的 8 个农场。为了评估植被模式，我们基于 MapBiomas 土地覆盖图进行了像素和景观分析，我们从中计算了 2009-2019 年期间的七个指标。使用多元方法，我们确定了区分农业系统的活动，分离出五种农场类型，它们在作物种植和放牧方面的参与程度不同。我们发现大多数农场规模的景观指标仅受耕作系统的微弱影响。时间分析和访谈表明，生物物理和立法背景限制了作物扩张，这主要以牺牲旧牧场为代价，并没有直接影响农场内的森林比例。因此，该地区的作物扩张似乎主要影响牧场地区的小树斑块，使其对植被模式的影响在 30 米分辨率的图像中几乎无法检测到。这些发现表明，与其只关注森林砍伐，