ABSTRACT

Between 5–9% of American adolescents experience 1+ episode of independent homelessness. Although multiple stressors have consistently been shown to precede runaway behavior, sampling homeless populations fails to capture variation between juveniles who run/do not run. This research uses Waves I and II of the Add Health public use data to examine conditions likely to result in a first-time run among males vs. females. Specifically, we argue that strains/negative emotion derived from Agnew’s general strain theory and social controls derived from Hirschi’s social bond theory will act as positive and negative motivations, respectively, to predict first-time runs. We find significant, main effects on running for multiple strain and control measures. However, results of our integrated models suggest that, while composite strain and depression increase the odds of running across gender, composite social control is associated with lower odds of running for females only. This finding underscores prior research suggesting that social bonds may have a stronger protective impact on females considering a first-time run.

摘要

5-9% 的美国青少年经历过 1 次以上的独立无家可归事件。尽管多重压力一直被证明先于失控行为，但对无家可归者的抽样未能捕捉到跑/不跑的青少年之间的差异。这项研究使用 Add Health 公众使用数据的第一波和第二波来检查可能导致男性与女性首次跑步的条件。具体来说，我们认为来自 Agnew 的一般压力理论的压力/负面情绪和来自 Hirschi 的社会联系理论的社会控制将分别作为积极和消极的动机来预测首次跑步。我们发现多种应变和控制措施对跑步有显着的主要影响。然而，我们综合模型的结果表明，虽然复合压力和抑郁会增加跨性别跑步的几率，但复合社会控制只与较低的女性跑步几率相关。这一发现强调了先前的研究表明，社会纽带可能对考虑首次跑步的女性产生更强的保护作用。