Firearm injury is a significant public health concern among youth living in the United States. Youth with exposure to violence (ETV) are more susceptible to carrying and using a firearm. Few researchers, however, have examined psychological mechanisms undergirding the association between ETV and firearm aggression. Retaliatory attitudes have been discussed as a potential mediator linking ETV with firearm aggression. Moreover, organized activity participation may disrupt direct and indirect pathways connecting ETV to firearm aggression. We tested: (a) the mediating role of retaliatory attitudes in the ETV-firearm aggression link, and (b) the moderating role of organized activity participation among 570 youth with past year illicit drug use and seeking emerging department care in an urban emergency department (ages 14-24; 58.8% males). Using multigroup path analysis, ETV indirectly influenced firearm aggression through retaliatory attitudes for youth not involved organized activities. Organized activities also buffered the association between retaliatory attitudes (mediator) and firearm aggression (outcome). Organized activities may, therefore, prevent firearm aggression by reducing retaliatory attitudes among youth contending with ETV. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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报复态度作为青少年暴露于暴力和枪支攻击的中介：有组织的活动参与的保护作用。

枪伤是生活在美国的年轻人中的一个重大公共卫生问题。接触暴力 (ETV) 的青少年更容易携带和使用枪支。然而，很少有研究人员研究过支持 ETV 与枪支攻击之间关联的心理机制。报复态度已被讨论为将 ETV 与枪支攻击联系起来的潜在中介。此外，有组织的活动参与可能会破坏将 ETV 与枪支攻击联系起来的直接和间接途径。我们测试了：(a) 报复态度在 ETV-枪支攻击联系中的中介作用，以及 (b) 有组织的活动参与对 570 名过去一年使用非法药物并在城市急诊室寻求新兴部门护理的年轻人的调节作用（14-24 岁；58.8% 为男性）。使用多组路径分析，ETV 通过对未参与有组织活动的青年的报复态度间接影响枪支攻击。有组织的活动也缓冲了报复态度（调解人）和枪支攻击（结果）之间的联系。因此，有组织的活动可以通过减少与 ETV 抗衡的年轻人的报复态度来防止枪支攻击。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2022 APA，保留所有权利）。通过减少与 ETV 竞争的年轻人的报复态度来防止枪支侵略。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2022 APA，保留所有权利）。通过减少与 ETV 竞争的年轻人的报复态度来防止枪支侵略。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2022 APA，保留所有权利）。