Background: Cognitive aging is a complex phenomenon, which comprises various cognitive skills, broadly categorized into fluid and crystallized intelligence. Crystallized intelligence (gc) tends to be maintained, as opposed to fluid intelligence (gf), which tends to decline rapidly with age. The association of the two with cognitive decline remains a matter of conjecture requiring further research. Aim: The aim of the study was to identify the variables of gc and gf from a population data of Longitudinal Aging Study in India-Diagnostic Assessment of Dementia (LASI-DAD) study and investigate its relationship with the onset of cognitive impairment using discrepancy analysis against neuropsychological tests. Methods: This analysis of data from LASI-DAD study was carried out on a sample of 3,223 participants. They were assessed on extensive thirteen cognitive tests and one subjective test of cognition. Standardized score was used for discrepancy analysis. Fluid ability minus crystallized ability was used to assess the cognitive impairment. Any statistical significance with the score difference #x3e;0.99 SD was defined as a presence of cognitive decline. Hindi Mental Status Examination (HMSE) and the Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly (IQCODE) were used as gold standard. Results: With increased discrepancy score, each cognitive parameter score declined which was found to be statistically significant. In HMSE (Normal = 25.81 ± 3.39; Impaired = 23.17 ± 3.54; p = #x3c;0.001), there was a drop of 2 point scores in identifying cognitive impairment in the population sample as per the gold standard. A similar trend was evident in other neurocognitive domains as well. Conclusion: Crystallized-fluid intelligence discrepancy analysis has a strong potential in predicting the onset of cognitive decline ahead of time, facilitating early intervention.
Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord Extra 2022;12:51–59

中文翻译：

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流体智力和结晶智力的差异：LASI-DAD 队列中痴呆症的早期认知标志


背景：认知衰老是一种复杂的现象，包括各种认知技能，大致分为流体智力和结晶智力。晶体智力（gc）往往会得到维持，而流体智力（gf）则往往会随着年龄的增长而迅速下降。两者与认知能力下降之间的关联仍然是一个需要进一步研究的猜想。目的：本研究的目的是从印度纵向老龄化研究痴呆诊断评估（LASI-DAD）研究的人群数据中识别 gc 和 gf 变量，并使用差异分析研究其与认知障碍发作的关系反对神经心理学测试。方法：对 LASI-DAD 研究的数据进行了分析，样本包括 3,223 名参与者。他们接受了十三项广泛的认知测试和一项主观认知测试的评估。使用标准化分数进行差异分析。使用流体能力减去结晶能力来评估认知障碍。得分差异 #x3e;0.99 SD 的任何统计显着性都被定义为认知能力下降的存在。印地语精神状态检查（HMSE）和老年人认知衰退知情人调查问卷（IQCODE）被用作金标准。结果：随着差异分数的增加，每个认知参数分数均下降，这具有统计学意义。在 HMSE 中（正常 = 25.81 ± 3.39；受损 = 23.17 ± 3.54； p = #x3c；0.001），根据黄金标准，在识别人群样本中的认知障碍方面得分下降了 2 分。 其他神经认知领域也存在类似的趋势。结论：结晶流体智力差异分析在提前预测认知能力下降的发生方面具有强大的潜力，有助于早期干预。

痴呆老年认知障碍额外 2022 年；12:51–59