The manipulation of high-quality vector beams (VBs) with metasurfaces is an important topic and has potential for classical and quantum applications. In this paper, we propose a Fresnel zone (FZ) metasurface with metallic nanoslits arranged on FZs, which sets alternate binary geometric and propagation phases to cancel the incident spin component and focus the converted spin component (CSC). The rotation designs of nanoslits transform the incident polarization state on the conventional Poincaré sphere to VBs on the higher-order Poincaré (HOP) sphere. The two orbital angular momentum states of the CSCs were manipulated, and the focused HOP beams were generated. The experimental results demonstrate the broadband generation of arbitrarily focused HOP beams of high quality under the illumination of the red (632.8 nm), green (532 nm), and blue (473 nm) light. This work will be of significance for the applications of VBs in different areas, such as precision metrology, optical micromanipulation, and quantum information.

中文翻译：

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具有交替二进制几何和传播相位的菲涅耳区超曲面对聚焦的高阶庞加莱光束的任意操作

使用超表面操纵高质量矢量光束 (VB) 是一个重要课题，具有经典和量子应用的潜力。在本文中，我们提出了一种菲涅耳区 (FZ) 超表面，其金属纳米狭缝排列在 FZ 上，它设置交替的二元几何和传播相位以消除入射自旋分量并聚焦转换后的自旋分量 (CSC)。纳米狭缝的旋转设计将传统庞加莱球上的入射偏振态转换为高阶庞加莱 (HOP) 球上的 VB。操纵 CSC 的两个轨道角动量状态，并产生聚焦的 HOP 光束。实验结果表明，在红色（632.8 nm）、绿色（532 nm）、和蓝色 (473 nm) 光。这项工作对于VBs在精密计量、光学显微操作和量子信息等不同领域的应用具有重要意义。