Limited legal analysis exists of how scientific expert bodies participate in multilateral treaty-making. This impedes effective collaboration between treaty-making and scientific expert bodies. This article analyses how scientific expert bodies (1) participate in multilateral treaty-making and (2) how they interface with treaty-making bodies. Based on an updated conceptual framework of the general multilateral treaty-making process, the makings of two treaties are studied: the Paris Agreement and the International Legally Binding Instrument on marine biodiversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction. In these case studies, scientific expert bodies had three integral roles: preparing evidence for treaty-making bodies, scientifically advising these bodies and directly exchanging with them. When scientific bodies directly exchanged with treaty-making bodies, they interfaced through intergovernmental body sessions or dialogical events. In conclusion, this study provides evidence of the nexus between international law and science for improved multilateral treaty-making.

对科学专家机构如何参与多边条约制定存在有限的法律分析。这阻碍了条约制定机构和科学专家机构之间的有效合作。本文分析了科学专家机构如何 (1) 参与多边条约制定以及 (2) 它们如何与条约制定机构互动。基于一般多边条约制定过程的更新概念框架，研究了两项条约的制定：《巴黎协定》和《关于国家管辖范围以外区域海洋生物多样性的国际具有法律约束力的文书》。在这些案例研究中，科学专家机构扮演着三个不可或缺的角色：为条约制定机构准备证据、为这些机构提供科学建议并直接与他们交流。当科学机构直接与条约制定机构交流时，他们通过政府间机构会议或对话活动进行互动。总之，这项研究提供了国际法与科学之间的联系以改进多边条约制定的证据。