Our official English website, www.x-mol.net, welcomes your
feedback! (Note: you will need to create a separate account there.)
Climate impact or policy choice? The spatiotemporality of thermoregulation and border crosser mortality in southern Arizona
The Geographical Journal ( IF 3.6 ) Pub Date : 2022-03-31 , DOI: 10.1111/geoj.12443 Samuel N. Chambers 1 , Geoff Boyce 2 , Daniel E. Martínez 3
The Geographical Journal ( IF 3.6 ) Pub Date : 2022-03-31 , DOI: 10.1111/geoj.12443 Samuel N. Chambers 1 , Geoff Boyce 2 , Daniel E. Martínez 3
Affiliation
|
US public officials frequently argue that high temperatures are responsible for increasing mortality of undocumented border crossers (UBCs) in southern Arizona. In this article, we suggest that these kinds of assertions are not only empirically misleading, they also serve to naturalise UBC deaths in the region by helping to obscure their structural causes. Indeed, although heat exposure is a primary cause of death in the region, prior studies have also shown that migration patterns have shifted toward more remote and rugged terrain, characterised by higher elevations and greater shade cover. Using physiological modelling and a spatiotemporal forensic analysis, we assess whether the distribution of recovered human remains has shifted toward locations characterised by environments where the human body is more or less capable of regulating core temperature, and thus succumbing to heat stress. We find that the distribution of recovered UBC remains has consistently trended toward locations where the potential for heat stress is lower, rather than higher. This demonstrates that UBC mortality is not principally a function of ambient or regional temperature, but rather is a result of specific policy decisions that lead to cumulative stress and prolonged exposure due to factors like difficulty and distance of travel. To contextualise these findings, we discuss the evolution of the US Border Patrol's policy of Prevention Through Deterrence, and apply the concepts of structural and cultural violence to theorize its consistently deadly outcomes.
中文翻译：
气候影响还是政策选择？亚利桑那州南部体温调节和过境死亡率的时空性
美国公职人员经常争辩说，高温是导致亚利桑那州南部无证过境者 (UBC) 死亡率增加的原因。在本文中，我们认为这类断言不仅在经验上具有误导性，而且通过帮助掩盖其结构性原因，还有助于使该地区的 UBC 死亡自然化。事实上，虽然高温暴露是该地区死亡的主要原因，但先前的研究也表明，迁移模式已经转向更偏远和崎岖的地形，其特点是海拔更高，树荫覆盖更大。使用生理建模和时空取证分析，我们评估回收的人类遗骸的分布是否已经转移到以人体或多或少能够调节核心温度并因此屈服于热应激的环境为特征的位置。我们发现，回收的 UBC 残骸的分布一直倾向于热应力潜力较低而不是较高的位置。这表明 UBC 死亡率主要不是环境或区域温度的函数，而是特定政策决策的结果，这些决策会导致累积压力和由于旅行困难和距离等因素而导致长期暴露。为了将这些发现与背景联系起来，我们讨论了美国边境巡逻队通过威慑进行预防的政策的演变，
更新日期：2022-03-31
中文翻译：
气候影响还是政策选择？亚利桑那州南部体温调节和过境死亡率的时空性
美国公职人员经常争辩说，高温是导致亚利桑那州南部无证过境者 (UBC) 死亡率增加的原因。在本文中，我们认为这类断言不仅在经验上具有误导性，而且通过帮助掩盖其结构性原因，还有助于使该地区的 UBC 死亡自然化。事实上，虽然高温暴露是该地区死亡的主要原因，但先前的研究也表明，迁移模式已经转向更偏远和崎岖的地形，其特点是海拔更高，树荫覆盖更大。使用生理建模和时空取证分析，我们评估回收的人类遗骸的分布是否已经转移到以人体或多或少能够调节核心温度并因此屈服于热应激的环境为特征的位置。我们发现，回收的 UBC 残骸的分布一直倾向于热应力潜力较低而不是较高的位置。这表明 UBC 死亡率主要不是环境或区域温度的函数，而是特定政策决策的结果，这些决策会导致累积压力和由于旅行困难和距离等因素而导致长期暴露。为了将这些发现与背景联系起来，我们讨论了美国边境巡逻队通过威慑进行预防的政策的演变，
京公网安备 11010802027423号