The challenge of reducing the environmental contamination related to agricultural practices to improve nitrogen (N) use efficiency (NUE), carbon (C) sequestration, and crop yield, requires efficient N fertilization and management strategies. We carried out a field experiment from 2016 to 2018 exploring the effect of the gradual replacement of mineral N with organic manure N on soil properties, soil organic C storage, soil total N storage, rice grain yield and yield components, N uptake and C accumulation of rice, and NUE. Moreover, we explained the relationship among the proportions of manure added to fertilizers, soil properties, rice grain yield and yield components, and aboveground N uptake and C accumulation of rice after harvest. Compared to mineral fertilization, 50% manure improved NUE and increased the effective panicle, seed setting rate, grain yield, and straw yield. However, in comparison to mineral fertilization, 100% manure decreased the effective panicle, the number of spikelets per panicle, grain yield, and straw yield and decreased partial factor productivity (PFP), N agronomic efficiency (AEN), and N recovery efficiency (REN). Moreover, in comparison with mineral fertilization, 50% manure increased the aboveground N uptake and C accumulation of rice, decreased the N surplus by 61.5%, and increased the apparent accumulated N recovery efficiency by 10.7%. In comparison to mineral fertilization, manure percentages exceeding 25% increased the total and available N, phosphorus, potassium, and organic C contents in soil. According to redundancy analysis, aboveground C accumulation and N uptake of rice jointly contributed to the variation in grain yields and yield components by 27.9%. In conclusion, 50% manure is a promising ecologically friendly strategy that improves the grain yield, N uptake, C sequestration, and NUE of rice and improves soil fertility. Simultaneously, 50% manure decreases the risk of environmental contamination.

减少与农业实践相关的环境污染以提高氮 (N) 使用效率 (NUE)、碳 (C) 封存和作物产量的挑战需要有效的氮肥和管理策略。我们于 2016 年至 2018 年开展了一项田间试验，探讨了有机肥氮逐步替代矿物氮对土壤性质、土壤有机碳储量、土壤总氮储量、稻谷产量和产量成分、氮吸收和碳积累的影响大米和 NUE。此外，我们还解释了施肥比例、土壤性质、水稻产量和产量成分以及收获后水稻地上氮吸收和碳积累之间的关系。与矿物施肥相比，50% 的有机肥提高了 NUE，提高了有效穗数、结实率、粮食产量和秸秆产量。然而，与矿物施肥相比，100%粪肥降低了有效穗数、每穗小穗数、籽粒产量和秸秆产量，并降低了部分要素生产力（PFP）、氮农艺效率（AEN）和氮回收效率。任）。此外，与矿物施肥相比，50%的粪肥增加了水稻的地上氮吸收和碳积累，氮过剩减少了61.5%，表观累积氮回收效率提高了10.7%。与矿物施肥相比，超过 25% 的肥料百分比增加了土壤中的总氮、磷、钾和有机碳含量。根据冗余分析，水稻的地上碳积累和氮吸收共同导致粮食产量和产量成分变化27.9%。总之，50% 的粪肥是一种很有前景的生态友好型策略，可提高水稻的粮食产量、N 吸收、C 固存和 NUE，并提高土壤肥力。同时，50% 的粪肥降低了环境污染的风险。