Transitioning out of the military can be a time of change and challenge. Research indicates that altered threat monitoring in military populations may contribute to the development of psychopathology in veterans, and interventions that adjust threat monitoring in personnel leaving the military may be beneficial. Australian Defence Force personnel (N = 59) transitioning from the military were randomized to receive four weekly sessions of either attention-control training or a placebo attention training. The primary outcome was symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), as measured using the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) at posttreatment. Following training, participants who received attention-control training reported significantly lower levels of PTSD symptoms, Hedges’ g = 0.86, 95% CI [0.37, 1.36], p = .004, and significantly improved work and social functioning, Hedges’ g = 0.93, 95% CI [0.46, 1.39], p = .001, relative to those in the placebo condition. Moreover, no participants who received attention-control training worsened with regard to PTSD symptoms, whereas 23.8% of those who received the placebo attention training experienced an increase in PTSD symptoms. The preliminary findings from this pilot study add to a small body of evidence supporting attention-control training as a viable indicated early intervention approach for PTSD that is worthy of further research.

中文翻译：

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注意力控制训练作为退伍军人早期干预的一项随机对照试验

从军队过渡可能是一个变革和挑战的时期。研究表明，改变军队人口中的威胁监测可能有助于退伍军人心理病理学的发展，而调整离开军队人员威胁监测的干预措施可能是有益的。从军队过渡的澳大利亚国防军人员 ( N = 59) 随机接受每周四次的注意力控制训练或安慰剂注意力训练。主要结果是创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD) 的症状，在治疗后使用DSM-5 (PCL-5) 的 PTSD 检查表进行测量。培训后，接受注意力控制培训的参与者报告的 PTSD 症状水平显着降低，Hedges'相对于那些在_ _ _ _安慰剂条件。此外，没有接受注意力控制训练的参与者在 PTSD 症状方面出现恶化，而接受安慰剂注意力训练的参与者中有 23.8% 的人经历了 PTSD 症状的增加。这项试点研究的初步结果增加了一小部分证据，支持注意力控制训练作为一种可行的早期干预方法来治疗 PTSD，值得进一步研究。