Quantum emitters have become a vital tool for both fundamental science and emerging technologies. In recent years, the focus in the field has shifted to exploration and identification of new quantum systems enabled by the emerging library of atomically thin, two dimensional materials. In this review, we highlight the current state of the art in engineering of quantum emitters in 2D systems, with an emphasis on transition metal di-chalcogenides (TMDCs) and hexagonal boron nitride. We start by reviewing progress in TMDCs, with focus on emitter engineering, ability to tune their spectral properties, and observation of interlayer excitons. We then discuss emitters in hBN and focus on emitters' origin, engineering, and emerging phenomena—spanning super-resolution imaging and optical spin readout. We summarize by discussing practical advances of integration of emitters in 2D hosts with plasmonic and dielectric photonic cavities, underpinned by quantum light–matter interactions. We conclude by outlining pathways for practical on-chip quantum photonics applications and highlight challenges and opportunities within this field of research.

中文翻译：

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二维材料中的量子发射器：发射器工程、光物理学和光子纳米结构的集成

量子发射器已成为基础科学和新兴技术的重要工具。近年来，该领域的重点已转移到由新兴的原子薄二维材料库支持的新量子系统的探索和识别。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了二维系统中量子发射器工程的最新技术，重点是过渡金属二硫属化物 (TMDC) 和六方氮化硼。我们首先回顾 TMDC 的进展，重点关注发射器工程、调整其光谱特性的能力以及层间激子的观察。然后，我们讨论 hBN 中的发射器，并关注发射器的起源、工程和新兴现象——跨越超分辨率成像和光学自旋读出。我们通过讨论在具有等离子体和介电光子腔的二维主体中集成发射器的实际进展来总结，以量子光 - 物质相互作用为基础。最后，我们概述了实际片上量子光子学应用的途径，并强调了该研究领域的挑战和机遇。