Composite lithium metal anodes with three-dimensional (3D) conductive fabric present great potential to be used in high-energy-density flexible batteries for next-generation wearable electronics. However, lithium dendrites at the top of the fabric anode increase the risk of separator piercing and, therefore, cause a high possibility of short circuits, especially when undergoing large mechanical deformation. To ensure the safe application of the flexible lithium metal batteries, we herein propose a 3D Janus current collector by a simple modification of the bottom side of carbon fabric (CF) with a lithiophilic Au layer to construct highly flexible, stable, and safe Li metal anodes. The Janus Au layer can guide an orientated deposition of Li to the bottom of the CF. The lithium dendrite problem can be largely alleviated due to the lithium-free interface between the anode and separator, and meanwhile, the porous upper skeleton of the CF also provides large space to buffer the volume expansion of lithium metal. The resulting composite lithium metal anode exhibits a significant improvement in the life cycle (∼two fold) compared to the traditional top deposition of lithium metal. More importantly, assembled full batteries using the Janus anode structure exhibit high stability and safety during severe mechanical deformation, indicating the opportunity of the orientated deposition strategy to be used in future flexible and wearable electronics.

中文翻译：

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用于无枝晶柔性锂金属负极和电池的 Janus 集流体的 Au 涂层碳纤维织物

具有三维 (3D) 导电织物的复合锂金属阳极在用于下一代可穿戴电子产品的高能量密度柔性电池方面具有巨大潜力。然而，织物阳极顶部的锂枝晶增加了隔膜刺穿的风险，因此极有可能导致短路，尤其是在发生较大机械变形时。为了确保柔性锂金属电池的安全应用，我们在此提出了一种 3D Janus 集电器，通过使用亲锂 Au 层对碳纤维 (CF) 的底部进行简单修改，以构建高度灵活、稳定和安全的锂金属阳极。Janus Au 层可以引导 Li 定向沉积到 CF 的底部。由于负极和隔膜之间的界面不含锂，锂枝晶问题可以在很大程度上得到缓解，同时CF的多孔上骨架也提供了较大的空间来缓冲金属锂的体积膨胀。与传统的锂金属顶部沉积相比，所得复合锂金属阳极的生命周期有了显着改善（约两倍）。更重要的是，使用 Janus 阳极结构组装的全电池在严重的机械变形期间表现出高稳定性和安全性，表明定向沉积策略有机会用于未来的柔性和可穿戴电子产品。与传统的锂金属顶部沉积相比，所得复合锂金属阳极的生命周期有了显着改善（约两倍）。更重要的是，使用 Janus 阳极结构组装的全电池在严重的机械变形期间表现出高稳定性和安全性，表明定向沉积策略有机会用于未来的柔性和可穿戴电子产品。与传统的锂金属顶部沉积相比，所得复合锂金属阳极的生命周期有了显着改善（约两倍）。更重要的是，使用 Janus 阳极结构组装的全电池在严重的机械变形期间表现出高稳定性和安全性，表明定向沉积策略有机会用于未来的柔性和可穿戴电子产品。