Abstract:

With a focus on a “French” corpus ranging from the 1850s to the 1900s, this essay explores different literary theorizations of race through poetry. From Vigny to Lautréamont and Vivien, the ancient syntagm “race of the poets” is often revived to build the mythology of what Verlaine would call the poète maudit. There, such a poetic “race” may remain structurally unrelated to the contemporary conceptualization developed by Gobineau for instance (or, conversely, by Firmin), even with Baudelaire, whose work is otherwise linked to the colonial experience. While the existence of a link between the assertion of racial belonging and poetic production cannot be determined a priori, it sometimes leads to intricate, multifold, and meta-literary statements about ethnicity, nationhood, and creation. Besides Rimbaud’s “Mauvais sang,” we describe such reflexive constructs in Verhaeren’s work and in the volumes published by the Haitian writer Paul Lochard, whose poetry is interpreted anew. (In French)

摘要：

本文重点关注从 1850 年代到 1900 年代的“法国”语料库，通过诗歌探讨不同的种族文学理论。从维尼（Vigny）到劳特雷阿蒙（Lautréamont）和维维安（Vivien），古老的“诗人种族”组合经常被复活，以构建魏尔兰所谓的poète maudit的神话. 在那里，这样一个富有诗意的“种族”可能在结构上与戈比诺（或相反地，菲尔明）提出的当代概念在结构上无关，即使波德莱尔的作品与殖民经历有关。虽然不能先验地确定种族归属的主张和诗歌创作之间是否存在联系，但它有时会导致关于种族、民族和创造的错综复杂的、多重的和元文学的陈述。除了兰波的“Mauvais sang”，我们在 Verhaeren 的作品和海地作家 Paul Lochard 出版的著作中描述了这种反身结构，他的诗歌被重新诠释。（法语）