Caregiver monitoring and warmth have protective mental health effects for adolescents, including vulnerable adolescents. However, combinations of the aforesaid parenting behaviours and their relationship with adolescent mental health are underexplored, especially among younger and older South African (SA) adolescents challenged by structural disadvantage. Hence, the purpose of this study was to investigate unique profiles of caregiver monitoring and warmth and their associations with depression and conduct problems as reported by younger and older adolescents from disadvantaged SA communities. Latent profile and linear regression analyses were used to examine cross-sectional survey data generated by 891 adolescents from two disadvantaged SA communities (62.2% aged 13–17 [average age: 16.13]; 37.5% aged 18–24 [average age: 20.62]). Two profiles emerged. The first, i.e. substantial caregiver warmth and some monitoring, was associated with younger and older adolescent reports of statistically significantly fewer symptoms of depression and conduct problems. The second, i.e. caregiver monitoring without much warmth, was associated with significantly more symptoms of depression or conduct problems among younger and older adolescents. Traditional gender effects (i.e. higher depression symptoms among girls; higher conduct problem symptoms among boys) were amplified when caregiver monitoring was combined with low warmth. In short, protecting the mental health of younger and older adolescents from disadvantaged communities requires higher levels of caregiver warmth combined with moderate levels of caregiver supervision. Because stressors associated with disadvantaged communities jeopardise warm parenting, supporting caregiver resilience to those stressors is integral to supporting adolescent mental health.

看护人监测和温暖对青少年（包括弱势青少年）具有保护性心理健康影响。然而，上述育儿行为的组合及其与青少年心理健康的关系尚未得到充分探索，尤其是在受到结构性劣势挑战的年轻和年长的南非 (SA) 青少年中。因此，本研究的目的是调查来自弱势南澳社区的年轻和年长青少年报告的照顾者监测和温暖的独特概况及其与抑郁和行为问题的关联。潜在概况和线性回归分析用于检查来自两个弱势南澳社区的 891 名青少年生成的横断面调查数据（62.2% 年龄在 13-17 岁 [平均年龄：16.13]；37.5% 年龄在 18-24 岁 [平均年龄：20.62] ）。出现了两个配置文件。第一个，即大量的照顾者温暖和一些监测，与年轻和年长的青少年报告抑郁症和行为问题的症状显着减少有关。第二个，即没有太多温暖的照顾者监控，与年轻和年长青少年的抑郁症状或行为问题显着相关。当照顾者监测与低温暖相结合时，传统的性别影响（即女孩的抑郁症状较高；男孩的品行问题症状较高）会被放大。简而言之，保护来自弱势社区的年轻和年长青少年的心理健康需要更高水平的看护者温暖和中等水平的看护者监督。