Abstract—For uranium deposits to form from oxidizing waters of surface origin, it is necessary to combine several conditions and processes of different ranks that make up a specific mineral system. Analysis of exogenic deposits of different scales and ore quality from different regions of the world showed that, among all the critical processes necessary for the formation of large deposits and vast provinces, global tectonic movements play a particular role. A geodynamic regime with moderate vertical differentiation of crustal blocks is most favorable for development of a hydrodynamic infiltration ore-forming system under near-surface conditions. An infiltration artesian system is capable of functioning for millions and tens of millions of years, which makes it possible to accumulate large uranium reserves at the geochemical reduction barrier. The required regime is typical of regions with a certain geotectonic position. For example, the peripheral regions of orogenic belts along tectonic plate boundaries, as well as the frames of some long-lived intraplate deep faults. In the same regions, the proximity of infiltration and expulsion hydrodynamic systems is possible. In local areas where groundwater of various origin and composition interact, conditions occur for particularly efficient uranium concentration in ores. Limitations on the productivity of a hydrodynamic infiltration ore-forming system are imposed by historical factors that predetermine the formation of the uranium source and lithological conditions for ore localization, as well as the climatic conditions of the time in which the system functioned and postore conditions determining the preservation of mineralization accumulated in the system. The revealed patterns be used to predict ancient provinces of exogenic uranium deposits.

摘要——对于由地表来源的氧化水形成铀矿床，有必要结合构成特定矿物系统的不同等级的若干条件和过程。对世界不同地区不同规模、不同矿石质量的外源性矿床的分析表明，在大矿床和大省区形成所必需的所有关键过程中，全球构造运动发挥着特殊的作用。地壳块体垂向分异适度的地球动力学机制最有利于近地表条件下水动力入渗成矿体系的发育。渗透自流系统能够运行数百万年和数千万年，这使得在地球化学还原屏障处积累大量铀储量成为可能。所需的制度是具有一定地质构造位置的地区的典型。例如，沿构造板块边界的造山带外围区域，以及一些长寿命的板内深断裂框架。在同一地区，渗透和排出水动力系统的接近是可能的。在不同来源和成分的地下水相互作用的局部地区，出现了特别有效的矿石中铀浓缩的条件。水动力渗透成矿系统的生产力受到预先确定铀源形成和矿石定位的岩性条件的历史因素的限制，以及系统运行时的气候条件和决定系统中积累的矿化保存的后期条件。揭示的模式可用于预测外源铀矿床的古代省份。