Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a considerable public health problem in the US, and evidence suggests that both drugs and firearms contribute to the risk of IPV and its severity. This study uses a retrospective, longitudinal cohort design to explore the association between past arrests, charges incurred in the legal process, and convictions for drug-related crimes, and risk of future arrest for IPV among legal handgun purchasers. The cohort included all legal purchasers of handguns in California in 2001 between the ages of 21 and 49 (n = 79,678), 156 of whom had pre-purchase drug charges and post-purchase IPV charges. We used Cox proportional hazards regression with age at time of handgun purchase, sex, and race/ethnicity, and an array of community characteristics as covariates. Over the study period (2001-2013), in comparison to handgun purchasers who had no charges or convictions prior to their index purchase, risk for future IPV arrest was increased for purchasers whose only prior charges were drug-related (aHR = 3.4 [95% CI: 2.4-4.9]) and purchasers who had both prior drug- and non-drug related charges (aHR = 4.9 [95% CI: 4.1-6.0]). The magnitude of the risk ratio was greater when multiple drug types were involved and when the person had been charged with both the use and sale of drugs. Our findings suggest that, among legal handgun purchasers, prior drug charges are associated with future risk of IPV arrests or convictions. Given the established link between firearm access and IPV severity and fatality, these findings may inform the development and enforcement of policies that reduce firearm access for those at elevated risk of perpetrating intimate partner violence.

中文翻译：

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加利福尼亚州手枪授权购买者之前与毒品有关的刑事指控和亲密伴侣暴力犯罪的风险

亲密伴侣暴力 (IPV) 在美国是一个相当大的公共卫生问题，有证据表明，毒品和枪支都会增加 IPV 的风险及其严重程度。本研究采用回顾性纵向队列设计来探讨过去的逮捕、法律程序中发生的指控、毒品相关犯罪的定罪以及未来因 IPV 在合法手枪购买者中被捕的风险之间的关联。该队列包括 2001 年加利福尼亚州所有 21 至 49 岁的合法手枪购买者（n= 79,678)，其中 156 人有购买前的药物费用和购买后的 IPV 费用。我们使用 Cox 比例风险回归与购买手枪时的年龄、性别和种族/民族以及一系列社区特征作为协变量。在研究期间（2001-2013 年），与在指数购买之前没有指控或定罪的手枪购买者相比，对于之前唯一的指控与毒品相关的购买者来说，未来 IPV 逮捕的风险增加了（aHR = 3.4 [95 % CI：2.4-4.9]）和既往有药物和非药物相关费用的购买者（aHR = 4.9 [95% CI：4.1-6.0]）。当涉及多种药物类型并且该人被指控使用和销售药物时，风险比的幅度更大。我们的调查结果表明，在合法的手枪购买者中，先前的药物指控与未来 IPV 逮捕或定罪的风险有关。鉴于枪支获取与 IPV 严重性和死亡率之间的既定联系，这些发现可能会为制定和执行减少枪支获取的政策提供信息，以减少那些实施亲密伴侣暴力风险较高的人。