The primary aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of standardized care package (CP) treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in a Danish sample of adult psychiatric outpatients (N = 948). Secondary aims were to identify baseline predictors of treatment outcomes and investigate between-group differences in outcomes with regard to sex and treatment modality (i.e., group vs. individual therapy). The naturalistic, nonrandomized study followed a pre–post design. Patient data from five psychiatric outpatient clinics were collected between March 2011 and November 2017. Data were drawn from self-report questionnaires (i.e., SCL-90-R, WHO-5, BHS) and therapist-reported measures (i.e., GAF-S, GAF-F) administered at baseline and posttreatment. Between-group effects for sex and therapy modality (group vs. individual) were analyzed using analyses of variance, and possible predictors of outcomes were selected through LASSO regression and analyzed via hierarchical regression. Pre–post effects were small to moderate, ds = 0.39–0.69. No differences emerged regarding treatment modality, but women had significantly better outcomes than men. Aside from sex, only baseline symptom severity predicted outcomes. The effectiveness of the CP treatment was generally limited, indicating the need to implement improved therapeutic practices, such as the use of evidence-based treatments, and to provide better training to mental health clinicians. The findings underscore the need for further comparisons of group and individual treatment modalities using evidence-based therapies as well as the need to investigate factors that may affect treatment outcome.

中文翻译：

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常规精神卫生保健中标准化创伤后应激障碍治疗框架的评估：连续样本中治疗结果的有效性和预测因素

本研究的主要目的是在丹麦的成人精神科门诊样本中评估标准化护理包 (CP) 治疗创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD) 的有效性（N = 948)。次要目标是确定治疗结果的基线预测因子，并调查组间在性别和治疗方式（即组与个体治疗）方面的结果差异。自然主义的、非随机的研究遵循了前后设计。在 2011 年 3 月至 2017 年 11 月期间收集了来自五个精神病门诊的患者数据。数据来自自我报告问卷（即 SCL-90-R、WHO-5、BHS）和治疗师报告的措施（即 GAF-S , GAF-F) 在基线和治疗后给药。使用方差分析分析性别和治疗方式（组与个体）的组间效应，并通过 LASSO 回归选择可能的结果预测因子，并通过分层回归进行分析。前后影响小到中等，ds =  0.39–0.69。治疗方式没有差异，但女性的结果明显好于男性。除了性别，只有基线症状严重程度可以预测结果。CP 治疗的有效性普遍有限，表明需要实施改进的治疗实践，例如使用循证治疗，并为心理健康临床医生提供更好的培训。研究结果强调了使用循证疗法进一步比较团体和个体治疗方式的必要性，以及调查可能影响治疗结果的因素的必要性。