A series of international sustainability policies currently in negotiation will shape biodiversity conservation for decades to come. However, discussions of current sustainability policy have a huge blind spot: the absence of Fungi, one of the eukaryotic Kingdoms. Wild fungi are a key component of natural ecosystems (e.g., through parasitic symbiosis), maintain soil fertility by decomposing organic matter, and facilitate uptake of water and nutrients through mycorrhizal association with plant roots, enhancing carbon sequestration. Moreover, the harvest, use, and trade of wild fungi are essential economic and cultural activities, supporting livelihoods and providing food and medicinal ingredients. Still, the sustainability of wild fungi use is hard to assess because there is a lack of attention from research, legislation, and society at large. Here, we present a way forward for including wild fungi in international sustainability policy. We layout four key steps to foster a much-needed policy and societal transformation: acknowledge the existence of Fungi as an independent Kingdom; tailor sustainability policy targets to include Fungi; implement comprehensive monitoring of wild fungi status and trends; and promote responsible use of wild fungi as a livelihood opportunity in rural areas. These steps can facilitate a transition toward better recognizing, valuing, and conserving the ecosystem services wild fungi provide.

中文翻译：

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野生真菌在国际可持续发展政策中的前进方向

目前正在谈判的一系列国际可持续发展政策将在未来几十年塑造生物多样性保护。然而，关于当前可持续发展政策的讨论存在一个巨大的盲点：真菌的缺失，真核生物王国之一。野生真菌是自然生态系统的关键组成部分（例如，通过寄生共生），通过分解有机物来维持土壤肥力，并通过与植物根部的菌根结合促进水分和养分的吸收，从而增强碳封存。此外，野生真菌的收获、使用和贸易是必不可少的经济和文化活动，支持生计并提供食品和药用成分。尽管如此，由于缺乏研究、立法和整个社会的关注，野生真菌使用的可持续性仍难以评估。在这里，我们提出了将野生真菌纳入国际可持续发展政策的前进方向。我们制定了四个关键步骤来促进急需的政策和社会转型：承认存在真菌作为一个独立的王国；定制可持续发展政策目标，将真菌包括在内；对野生真菌状况和趋势进行综合监测；促进负责任地使用野生真菌作为农村地区的谋生机会。这些步骤可以促进向更好地识别、评估和保护野生真菌提供的生态系统服务的转变。